COMPOSITE. (composite FAMILY.) 225 



summer. (Dedicated to Enpnior Milhrkhites, wlio is said to have used a species 

 of the pcnusin mcdiiine.) 



* Heads ri/limlrlcal, 5 - ICi-Jloireivfl ; llie purplish scales nnmrroiis, closely imbricated 



in several rows, of unequal len;/t/i, sllr/litli/ striate : stout herbs, with ample mostly 

 whorled leans, and fli sh-colored flowers. 



1. E, purpureum, I>. (Jok-Pye Wked. Trumpet-Weed.) Stems tall 

 and .stout, simple ; leaves .'3-6 in a whorl, oblon<^-ovate or lanceolate, pointed, 

 very veiny, rouf>liish, toothed ; corymb.s very dense and compound. — Varies 

 greatly in size (2° -12° liij^h), &c., and with spotted or unspotted, often dotted 

 stems, &c., — including several nominal species. — Low grounds: common. 



* « Uexids 3 - 20-Jlowered : involucre o/" 8- 15 more or less imbricated and unequal 



scales, the outer ones shorter : flowers white. 

 ■*- Leaves all alternate, mostly dissected : heads panichd, very small, 3 -^flotfered. 



2. E. foenicul^ceum, Willd. Smooth or nearly so, pauiculutely much- 

 hranclied (.iO-loo liiuli) ; leaves 1 - 2-pinnately parted, filiform. — Virginia, 

 near the coast, and southward. Adv. near Philadelphia. 



-!- -t- fj'iircs mnxlly opposite and sessile: heads 5-8-flowered, corytnbed. 



3. E. hyssopif61ium, L. Minutely pubescent (1°- 2° high) ; /eawi 

 narrow, linear or lanceolate, elongated, obtuse, 1-3-ncrved, entire, or the lower 

 toothed, often crowded in the axils, acute at the base; scahs of the involucre obtuse. 

 — Sterile soil, Massachusetts to Virginia, E. Kentucky and southward. 



4. E. leucolepis, Torr. & Gr. Minutely pubescent, simple (l°-2°high); 

 leaves linear -lanceolate, closely sessile, \-nerved, obtuse, serrate, rough Imth sides; 

 corymb hoary ; scales of the involucre with white and scarious acute tips. — Sandy 

 bogs. Long Island, New Jersey, and .southward. 



.'). E. parvifldrum, Ell. Minutely velvety -pubescent, branching (20-3° 

 high) ; leaves laiiciolote or oblomj, triple-ribbed and veiny, serrate above the middle, 

 tapering to the ba.se, the lower slightly petioled ; scales of the short involucre 

 obtuse. (Leaves sometimes whorled in threes, or the upper alternate.) — Damp 

 soil, Virginia and southward. 



6. E. altissimum, L. Stem stout and taW (3° - 7° high), f/wny; leaivs 

 lanceolate, tapering at both ends, conspiciwusly 3-nerred, entire, or toothed above the 

 middle, the upperiitost alternate ; corymbs dense ; scales of the involucre Ql)tuse, 

 shorter th:in the flowers. — Dry soil, Pennsylvania to Illinois and Kentucky.— 

 Leaves 3' - 4' lung, somewhat like tlio.sc of a Solidago. 



7. E. ilbum, L. Rixigliish-hniry (2° high) ; leaves ol)long-lanceolate, coarsely 

 toothed, veiny; heads clustered in the corymb; .w/teo/'/Af in w/wrz-ff closely imbri- 

 cated, rigid, narrowly lanceolate, jiointnl, white and scnrions aliove, lowjer than the 

 flow.rs. — Sandy and barren places, ])iue barrens of New Jersey to Virginia and 

 southward. 



8. E. teucrifdlium, Willd. Koitghish-pubescent (20-30 high); Imves 

 ovate-ohlong and ovuii-bnifeoliite, obtuse or truiu-ate at the base, slightly triplc- 

 n Tved, veiny, roarseli/ lonlhtd or incised towards the base, the npjwroiiis alternate.' 

 branches of the corymb few, uno(iiial ; scahs of the involucre ohlonfjlmwi o'ate, rather 

 o'ltuse, at li-ngfh shorter than the flowers. (E. verlieniefoliiim, Michc.) — Low 

 grounds, Massachusetts to Virginia and soutliwanl near the coast. 



15 



