202 coMPOsiT.r. Ccor.irosixr family.) 



nppx. — Ponds and slow deep streams, Massnchusctts to N. Jersey, Illinois, and 

 northward. Aug. - Oct. 



G. B. bipinnata, L. (SpAXisn Needles.) Smooth annual, branched ; 

 Icar.s \- 3-jiiiinottl^ parted, pctiolcd ; letijitts ovatc-lanccolate, mostly wcdgc-shiiped 

 at the base; heads small, on slender pcduncljs; outer involuc re of linear scales 

 eqmUitig the short /uilr. ydlow rnip ; aelmnia slender, 4-p:roovcd and angled, nearly- 

 smooth, 3-4-awucd. — Dry soil, Connecticut to Illinois and southward. 



43. VERBESINA, L. Cromnbeard. 



Heads several - ni.^ny-flowered ; the rays pistillate, few, or sometimes none. 

 Sciiles of the erect invulucrc few, imbricated in 2 or more rows. Receptacle 

 rather convex; the chaiF concave. Achcnia flat (compressed laterally), winged 

 or wingless, 2-awned. — Perennial herbs ; the toothed or lobed leaves decurrent 

 on the stem. ("Xamc metamorphosed from Verbena.") 



1. v. Siegesbeckia, aiichx. Stem tall, 4-wingcd ; leaves opposite, ovate, 

 triple-nerved, serrate, poiutcd at both ends, often pubescent beneath (large and 

 thin); heads in compound corymbs; /lowers yellow; rays 1-5, lanceolate; 

 achenia wingless. — Rich soil, S. Penn. to Illinois, and southward. July. 



2. V. Virginica, L. Stem narrowly or interruptedly winged, dnwny- 

 pubesceiit, like the lower surface of the ovate-lanceolate featlicr-veincd alternate 

 Uavpjt ; heads in compound corymbs ; floweis white ; rays 3-4, oval ; achenia 

 nan-Qwly winged. — Dry soil, Pennsylvania 1 Illinois, and southward. Aug. 



44. DYSODIA, Cav. Fetid Marigold. 



Heads many-flowered, usually radiate ; the rays pistillate. Involucre of one 

 row of scales united into a firm cup, at the base some loose bractlcts. Recep- 

 tacle flat, not cliafly, but beset with short chaify bristles. Achenia slender, 4- 

 anglcd. Pappus a row of chafl"y scales dissected into numerous rough bristles. 

 — Herbs, mostly annuals or biennials, dotted with large pellucid glands, which 

 give a strong odor (as in TAtiixES, the French Marigold of the gardens, 

 which belongs to the same group) ; the heads terminating the branches : flow- 

 ers yellow. (Name hvainhia, an ill smell, which the plants er.emj)lity.) 



1. D. chrysanthemoides, Lag. Nearly smooth, diff'usely branched 

 (6'- 18' high); leaves opposite, jnnnately parted, the narrow lobes bristly- 

 toothed or cut; rays few, scarcely exceeding the involucre. — Roadsides, and 

 banks of rivers, from Illinois southward : a common weed ; now migrating east- 

 ward, established at Butlaio, N. Y., G. W. Clinton. Aug- - Oct. 



45. HYMENOPAPPUS, L'Her. Hymexopappus. 



Heads many-flowered ; the flowers all tubuiar and ficrfect. Scales of the in- 

 volucre 6-12, loose and broad, thin, the upper part petal-like (usually white). 

 Receptacle small, naked. Corolla with large revolutc lobes. Achenia top- 

 shaped, with a slender base, striate. Pappus of l.')-20 small and blunt scales 

 in .1 sino-le row, very thin (whence the name of the genus, from vpT]v, membrane, 

 and ndmrv^, pnppux). — Biennial or perennial herbs, with alternate mostly dis- 

 sected leaves, and corvmbcd small heads o<" usually whitish flowers. 



