264 coMPOSiTvE. (composite family.) 



48. BALDWINIA, ^'utt. Baldwinia. 



Heads globular, iiiany-flowcred, railiutc ; the long and narrowly wedge-shaped 

 rays nsutral. luvoiucru short, of niaiiy tliickish small scales imbricated in 3 or 

 4 rows, the outer obovutc and obtu-e. Kcceptacle strongly convex, with deep 

 honeycomb-like cells containing the obconicd or oldong siiky-villous achenia. 

 Pappus of 7 -9 lancc-oblong erect ciiatty scales. — A perennial herb, smoothish, 

 with slender simple stems (2° -.3° high), bearing alternate oblanceolate leaves, 

 and the long naked summit terminati-d by a showy large heail. Kays yellow 

 (I' long) ; the disk-flowers often turning dark i)urple. (Named for the late Dr. 

 WiUinm Baldwin.) 



1. B. uniflbra, jS'utt. — Borders of swamps, Virginia and southward. 

 Aug. 



49. MARSHALLIA, Schrcb. Makshallia. 



Heads many-flowered ; the flowers all tulnilar and perfect. Scales of the 

 involucre linear-lanceolate, foliaceous, erect, in one or two rows, nearly equal. 

 Receptacle <;onvex or conical, with narrowiy linear rigid chaff among the flow- 

 ers. Lobes of the corolla slender, spreading. Achenia top-shaped, .'j-angled. 

 Pappus of 5 or G membranaceous and pointed chaffy scales. — Smooth and low 

 perennials, with alternate and entire 3-nei-ved leaves, and solitary heads (re- 

 sembling those' of a Scabious) terminating the naked summit of the simple 

 stem or branches. Flowers purplish ; the anthers blue. (Named for Ilumphnj 

 Marshall, of I'eunsylvania, author oi' Arhustruin Americanuin , one of the earliest 

 works on the trees and shrubs of this country.) 



1. M. latifblia, Pursh. Stems leafy; leaves ovate-lanceolate, pointed, 

 sessile. — Dry soil, Virginia and southward. (M. i^ancloi.ata and M. an- 

 GCSTiFOLiA may occur in S. Virginia.) 



50. GALINSOGA, Ruiz & Pav. Galixsooa. 



Heads several-flowered, radiate; the rays 4-5, small, roundish, ])istillatc. 

 Involucre of 4 or 5 ovate thin scales. Recejjtaclc conical, with narrow chaff 

 among the flowers. Achenia angled. Pappus of small oblong cut-fringed 

 chaffy scales (sometimes wanting). — Annual herbs, with opposite triple-nerved 

 thin leaves, and small heads . disk-flowers yellow ; rays whitish. (Named for 

 Galinsoga, a Spanish botanist.) 



1. G. pauvifl6ra, Cav. Smoothish (1° high) ; leaves ovate, acute, some- 

 what toothed ; scales of the pappus 8- 10. — Waste places, especially eastward; 

 spreading from year to year. (Adv. from S. Amer.) 



'51. MARUTA, Cass. May-weed. 



Heads many-flowered, radiate ; the ra_vs neutral. Involucre of many small 

 somewhat imbricated scales, shorter than the disk. Kece[)taclc conical, bearing 

 slender chaff, at least near the summit. Achenia obovoid, ribl)ed, smooth. 

 Pappus none — Annual acrid herbs, with a strong odor, flnely thrice-))innately 

 divided leaves, and single heads terminating the branches Rays white, soon 



