328 SCKOPHULAUIACE^. (fIGWOKT FAMILY.) 



usually as long as the others, either naked or bearded. Seeds numerous, wing- 

 less. — Perennials, braHched from the base, simple above, with opposite leaves, 

 the upper sessile and mostly clasping. Flowers mostly showy, tliyrsoid or ra- 

 ccmose-panieled. (Name from nivT(,Jive, and arrffiaiv, stamen; the fifth stamen 

 being present and eon.>;pieuous, although sterile.) 



« Sterile Jilament bearded down one side: Jioioers numcioiis in a loose and somewhat 

 chimmi/ panicle, white or purjilish. 



1. P. pub6scens, Solander. More or less pubescent (l°-3° high); stem- 

 leaves lanceolate from a clasping ba.se, serrate or sometimes entire ; corolla 2 

 h'pped, (jradiiaJli/ widened upwards, somewhat Jlatteneil i\nd one-ridged on the ujjper 

 side, and with 2 infolded lines on the lower which are bearded inside ; thu throat 

 almost closed ; lower lip rather longer than the upi)er; sterile filament densely 

 ycIlow-bcardcd. —Varies greatly in the foliage, sometimes nearly glabrous, when 

 it is P. hvvigatus, Solander, &c. — Dry banks, C^ounecticut to Wisconsin, and 

 southward. June -Sept. 



2. P. Digitalis, Xutt. Nearly glabrous (2° -4° high); stem-leaves ob- 

 long- or ovate-lanceolate, clasping, serrulate or entire ; corolla ahruptli/ inflated and 

 almost bell-shaped from a narrow base, beardless, with the throat widely open, the 

 spreading lobes nearly equal ; sterile filament sparingly bearded. (Flowers more 

 showy than in the preceding, mostly white, over 1' long). — Rich soil, Alexan- 

 dria, Virginia {A. H. Curtiss), to Illinois, and southward. June -Aug. 



* * Sterile filament nearly beardless, dilated and hooked at the end [rarelij wanting). 



3. P. grandifl6rus, Fraser. Very smooth and glaucous; stems simple 

 (l°-3° hi-li) ; leaves tliicki.sh, ovate or rounded, the upper clasping ; flowers 

 (showy, 2' long) on short pedicels, in a long and narrow raceme rather than 

 ])anicle; corolla oblong-bcll-shajied, almost regular, bluish or lilac-purple. — 

 Prairies, W. Wi.sconsin (Falls of St. Anthony, Lupham), and westward. June. 



8. MIMULUS, L. Monkey-flower. 



Calyx prismatic, 5-angled, .^-toothed, the upper tooth largest. Corolla tubu- 

 lar ; the upper lij) erect or refle.Kcd-spreading, 2-lobed ; the lower spreading, 3- 

 lobed. Stamens 4. Stigma 2-lippcd, the lips ovate. Seeds numerous. — Herbs, 

 with opf)Ositc leaves, and mostly h>mdsome flowers on solitary axillary and 

 bractless peduncles. (Name from /ntum, an ape, on account of the gaping corolla.) 

 * Erect from a perennial root, (jlohrons : leaves feather-veined : corolla violet-purple. 



1. M. ringenS, L. Stem square (1°- 2° high); leavis oblong or lanceolate, 

 pointed, clasping by a heart-sluqied base, serrate ; pedmicles longer than the 

 flower ; calyx-teeth tMper-])ointed, nearly e(iual. — Wet places : common. July - 

 Sept. — Flower 1' - U' long, rarely white. 



2. M. al^tUS, Ait. Stem somewhat winged at the angles; leai-es oblong- 

 ovate, tapering into ajtetiole; jjcduneles shorter than the calyx, which has very 

 short abruptly pointed teeth : otherwise like the last. — Low grounds, Connecti- 

 cut to Illinois, and southward. 



* * Dijfnsflli/ spreading: hares sereral-nervrd and veinij : corolla yellow. 



3. M. Jamdsii, Toit. Smooth or smoothish ; stems creeping at the base: 

 stem-leaves roundish or kidney-shaped, nearly sessile, equalling the peduncles; 



