CONVOI.VULACE^. (CONVOLVULUS FAMILY.) 379 



nnd other herbs, Delaware to Wisconsin, and southwestward. — The large ovary 

 fills the shallow tube of the corolla. 



7. C. Grondvii, Willd. Stems coarse, climbing high; flowers mostly 5- 

 cleft, pcduucled, in close or mostly open paniculate cymes; corolla bell-shaped, 

 the tube longer than (or sometimes only as long as) the ovate obtuse entire 

 spreading lobes; scales large, converging, copiously fringed, confluent at the 

 base; pod globose, umbonate, brown. (C. Americana, P(trs/(, &c. C. vulgivaga, 

 Engelm. C. umbrosa, Torr.) — Low, damp grounds, especially in shady places ; 

 everywhere common both cast and west, and the principal species northward 

 and eastward : chiefly on coarser herbs and low shrubs. — The close-flowered 

 iorms occur in the Northeastern States ; the loosely-flowered ones westward 

 and southward ; a form with 4-partcd flowers was collected in Connecticut. C. 

 Sauriiri, Engdm., is a form with more open flowers, of a finer te.\ture, in the 

 Mississippi valley. 



8. C. rostrkta, Shuttleworth. Stems coarse, climbing high ; flowers 

 (2" -3" long) 5-parted, pedunclcd, in umbel-like cj'mes ; corolla deep bell- 

 shaped, the tube twice as long as the ovate obtuse teeth of the calyx and its 

 ovate obtuse entire spreading lobes ; the large scales fimbriate, confluent at the 

 base ; styles slender, as long as the acute ovary ; the large pod pointed. — 

 Shady valleys of the Alleghanies, from Maryland and Virginia southward ; on 

 tall herbs, rarely on shrubs. Flowers and fruit larger than in any other of our 

 species. 



* * Flowers sessile in compact and mosthj conUnuous clusters: calijx of 5 separate 

 sepals surrounded by numerous similar bracts: remains of the corolla borne on the 

 top of the globose somewhat pointed pod. (Lepidanche, Engelm.) 



9. C. COmpaeta, Juss. Stems coarse; bracts (3-5) and sepals orbicular, 

 concave, slightli/ crenate, appressrd, nearly equalling or much shorter than the cy- 

 lindrical tube of the corolla ; stamens shorter than the oblong obtuse spreading 

 lobes of the latter; scales pinnatifid-fringed, convergent, confluent at the base. 

 C. coronata, Beyrich (C. compacta, Choisij) is the Eastern and Southern form, 

 with a smaller, slenderer, more exserted corolla. C. (Lepidanche) adpressa, 

 Engelm., is the Western form, with a larger, shorter, nearly included corolla. 

 Both glow almost entirely on shrubs ; the first from N. New York, and New 

 Jersey southward ; the latter from Western Virginia to the Mississippi and 

 Missouri, in fertile shady bottoms. The clusters in fruit are sometimes fully 

 2' in diameter. 



10. C. glomer^ta, Choisy. Flowers very densely clustered, forming 

 knotty masses closely encircling the stem of the foster plant, much imbricated 

 with scarious oblong bracts, their tips returved-spreading ; sepals nearhj similar, 

 shorter than the oblong-cylindrical tube of the corolla ; stamens nearly as long 

 as the oblong-lanceolate obtuse spreading or reflexed lobes of the corolla ; scales 

 large, fringed-pinnatifid ; styles slender, longer than the pointed ovary ; the 

 pointed pod mostly 1 - 2-seeded. ( Lepidanche Compositarnm, Engelm.) — Moist 

 pi'airies, Ohio to Wisconsin and southward : growing commonly on tall Conx- 

 posita;. — The orange-colored items soon disappear, leaving only the close mat- 

 ted coils of flowers, appearing like whitish ropes twisted around tllQ stctas. 



