CDPDLincuji, (oak family.) 449 



nonth, and the bark of the trunk is said to be close : an uncertain species. — New 

 I'ork to Penn. and southwestward. 



4. C. sulcata, Nutt. (Whstkkn Shkll-bark IIickouv.) Bark, &c. as 

 in No. 1 ; leajiets 7-9, more downy beneatli ; /nut oval or omtc, 4-ribbed above 

 the middle, the husk very thick; nut lanjc (li'-2' long) and usually angular, 

 dull white or i/elloirlsh, thick-walled, usually stroin/li/ po'inttd at both ends. — Pennsyl- 

 vania to Wisconsin and southward. — Seed as sweet as in No. 1. Ilcart-wood 

 light colored. 



5. C. toment6sa, Nutt. (Mocker-nut. White-heart Hkkory) 

 Bark close, rough, but not shaggy and exfoliating on old trunks ; catkins, 

 shoots, and lower surface of the leaves tomenlose when young, resinous-scented, 

 leaflets 7-9, lance-obovate or the lower oblong-lanceolate, pointed ; fruit globular 

 or ocoid, with a very thick and hard husk ; nut globular, not compressed, 4-ridgcd 

 towards the slirjhthj pointed summit, biownish, very thick-shelled, 1' in diameter or 

 smaller, — Dry woods. New England to Virginia, Kentucky and southward. — 

 Wood, &c. as in the lasf seed more oily. — A var. mAxima, of Nuttall bears 

 " fruit as large as an apple," the husk exceedingly thick. 



* * Bud-scales numerous or Jew ; husk ofthefruil thin and rather friable at maturiti/, 

 A-valved only to the middle or tardily to near the base: seed more or less bitter : 

 bark of old tnmk not exfoliating. 



6. C. poreina, Nutt. (Pig-nut or Broom H.) Bud-scales nearly as in 

 No. .5, but smaller, caducous; shoots, catkins, and leaves glabrous or nearly so; 

 leaflets .5 - 7, oblong- or obovate-lanceolate and taper-pointed, serrate : fruit 

 pear-shaped, oblong, or oval ; nut oblong or oval (\^' to nearly 2' long), with a 

 thick bony shell ; the oily seed nt first sweet in taste, then bitterish. (C. glabra, 

 Torr. & Ed. 2. Juglans glabra, Wang., Muhl., &c., is much the oldest name, 

 but not quite clear in application. The ordinary forms of the present species 

 arc J. ovata and J. obcordata, Wang.) — Woodlands: common. — Wood very 

 tough : heart-wood reddish or dark-colored : bark of trunk rough. 



7. C. amkra, Nutt. (Bitter-nut or Swamp H.) Scales of the small 

 yellowish buds about 6, valvate in pairs, caducous in leafing; catkins and 

 young herbage more or less pul)escenf, soon becoming almost glabrous ; leaflets 

 7-11, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate; fruit globular, narrow!}' 6-ridged ; nut 

 globular, short-pointed, -white (barely 1' long), thin-walled; seed at first sweet- 

 tasted, soon extremely bitter. — Moist soil: common. — Wood less valued, 

 liusk and iiut-shcU thinner and less hard than in other species: bark of trunk 

 close and smooth. 



Order 102. CUPULIFEBtK. (Oak Family.) 



Trees or shrubs, icitk alternate and simple straight-veined leaves, very 

 deciduous stipules, ami mona;cious flowers ; the sterile in calkiiis (laments') 

 (or capitate-clustered in the B*!ech) ; the fertile solitary, clustered or spiked, 

 furnished trith an involucre ivhich forms a cup or covering to the l-celled 

 and l-seeded nut. Ovary more or less 2- 7-celle(l, with 1 or 2 pendulous 

 anatropous ovules in 'each cell; but all the cells and ovules excejit one 

 L & M— 39 



