MYRICACEiE. (SWKKT-GALE FAMILY.) 457 



6. CARPINUS, L. Hornbeam. Iro-x-wood. 



Sterile flowers in drooping cylindrical catkins, consisting of several stamens 

 in the axil of a simple and entire scale-like bract : filaments very short, mostly 

 2-forked, the forks bearing 1-eelled (half-) anthers with hairy tips. Fertile flow- 

 ers several, spiked in a sort of loose terminal catkin, with small deciduous bracts, 

 each subtending- a jiair of flowers, as in Ostrya; but the involucre-like bractlets 

 are open, enlarged in fruiting and foliaceous, merely subtending the small ovate 

 several-nerved nut. — Trees, or tall shrubs, with a smooth and close gray bark, 

 in this and in the slender buds and straight-veined leaves resembling tlie Beech; 

 the leaf-buds and liie inflorescence as in Ostrya. (The ancient Latin name.) 



1. C. Americana, Michx. (American Hornbeam. Blue or Water 

 Beech.) Leaves ovate-oblong, pointed, sharply doubly serrate, soon nearly 

 smooth ; bractlets 3-lobed, halberd-shaped, sparingly cut-toothed on one side, 

 acute. — Along streams: common. — Tree or shrub 10° - 20° high, with a 

 ridged trunk, and very hard whitish wood; also called Iko.n-woud. 



Order 103. MYKICACE.i:. (Sweet-Gale Family.) 



Monoecious or dioecious shrubs, with loth kinds of Jiowers in short scaly 

 calkins, and resinous-dolled often fragrant leaves, — differing from the 

 Birch Family chiefly by the 1-celled ovary with a single erect orthotropous 

 ovule, and the drupe-like nut. Involucre none. — Consists chiefly of the 

 typical genus, from which our Sweet-Fern is not sufliciently distinct. 



1. MYRICA, L. Bayberrv. Wax-Mvrtle. 



Flowers chiefly dioecious : the sterile in oblong or cylindrical, the fertile in 

 ovoid catkins, from axillary scaly buds ; both destitute of calyx and corolla, 

 solitary under a scale-like bract and with a pair of bractlets. Stamens 2 - 8 : 

 filaments somewhat united below: anthers 2-celled. Ovary with 2-4 scales 

 at its base, and 2 thread-like stigmas. Fruit a sm;ill globular nut, or dry drupe, 

 coated with resinous grains or wax. (MvpiKT], the ancient name of the Tama- 

 risk or some other shrub ; perhaps from fiupifco, In ])erfnme.) 



\. M. Gale, L. (Sweet Gale.) Loti'ps ?tvc((/e-/a7!Cfo,'«te, serrate towards 

 the apex; pule, later than the floicers ; sterile catkins closely clustered; nuts in im- 

 bricated heads, 2-winged by the two thick ovate scales which coalesce with its 

 base. —Wet borders of ponds, New England to "Virginia in the mountains, 

 Penn. to Wisconsin, and northward. April. — Shrub .3° - 5° high. (Eu.) 



2. M. cerifera, L. (Bavberry. Wax-Myrtle.) Leaves ohloivj-lanceo- 

 late, narrowed at the base, entire or wavy-toothed towards the apex, shininy and 

 resineits-dotted both sides, somewhat prtcediny the fuwers ; sterile catkins scattered, 

 oblong; scales wedge-shaped at the base ; nuts scattered and naked, bony, and 

 incrusted with white wax. — Sandy soil on and near the sea-shore : also on 

 Lake Erie. May. — Shrub 3° -8° high, with fragrant leaves : the catkins ses- 

 sile along the last year's branches ; the fruits sometimes persistent for 2 or 3 

 years. 



GM 20 



