4G2 SALTCACK.E. (aVILI.OW FAMILY.) 



mas short. — Trees or shrubs, generally growing along streams, with terete and 

 lithe branches. Leaves mostly long and pointed, entire or glandularly toothed. 

 Buds covered by a single scale, with an inner adherent membrane (separating 

 in § 2). Catkins appearing before or with the leaves. (The classical name, 

 said to be derived from the Celtic sal, near, and lis, water.) 



§ 1. Culkins lateral and sessile, apjvarinq Itrfore the leaves in April or May : stamens 



2 : scales dark red or brown becoming black, more or less hairy, persistent. 



* Ovary stalked, doicny, hairy, or woolly. 



■^ Catkins oroid or cylindrical : leaves entire or obscurely wavy-toothed, hairy or iroolty, 



with pnwiini'nt veins and more or less recoliite maryins. Shrtibs. 



1. S. Candida, Willd. (Hoarv Wii,i,ow.) Leaves narrowly lanceolate, 

 tapcr-])ointed, or the lowest obtuse, the upper surface and younrj branches covered 

 with a thin tveb-like wool more white and dense beneath ; stipulei small, lanceolate, 

 toolh-d, about the lenyth of the petioles ; catkins cylindrical, closely flowered ; the 

 fertile 1^' -2' long at maturity; ovary densely woolly; style distinct; stigmas 

 2 -cleft; scales oblong, obtuse (S. inckna, Michr., not of Schrank.) — New- 

 York and New Jersey to Wisconsin and northward ; in bogs. — Stems 2° - .5° 

 high : reddish twigs smooth and shining at maturity. The whole shrub very 

 white in exposed situations, greener in shade. 



2. S. tl'istis, Ait. (I)w.\KF Gray AV. ) Leaves almost sessile, wedye-lanreo- 

 late, pointed, or the lower obtuse, grayish-woolly on botli sides, the upper side 

 becoming nearly smooth at nuiturity ; stipules minute, hairy, very early deciduous ; 

 catkins small and very short, globular when young, loosely fowered ; ovary with a long 

 tapering beak, clothed with silvery hairs; style short; stigmas 2-/oW. — Bogs: 

 common. — Shrub l°-lj° high, much branched: leaves thick, I.V long. Stip- 

 ules seldom seen, often reduced to a mere gland. — Var. mickopiiylla has very 

 small and rigid contorted leaves. 



3. S. humilis, Marshall. (Prairie W.) Leaves petioled, lanceolate or 

 obovate-lancL'olate, acute or obtuse with an abrupt point, slightly downy above, 

 more thickly so or sometimes grayish-woolly beneath ; stipules small, semiorate 

 and entire, or larger and lunate with 2-4 teeth, shorter than the petioles; catkins 

 ovoid or oblong, small, often recurved; ovary hairy ; style distinct; stigmas 2- 

 clejl. (8. Muhlenbergiana, Bairatt. S. conifera, Muhl.) — Dry plains and bar- 

 rens : common. — Shrub 3° -8° high, varying much; the small forms some- 

 times scarcely distinguishable from No. 2 ; but leaves longer, thinner, and 

 generally stipulate : the larger forms, with leaves 3' -5' long and ?,'- 1' Inoad, 

 resemble those of the next species, but retain more or less down beneath at 

 maturity. — The species of this and the following section often bear cones on 

 the ends of the branches, formed of closely imbricated leaves, probably occa- 

 eioned by the puncture of insects. 



-t- -*- Catkins cylindrical, large, clothed icilh very long glossy hairs: leaves more or 

 less serrate, smooth and shining above, glaucous icncaih and at length smooth. 

 Shrubs or small trees. 



4. S. discolor, Muhl. (Glaucol-s W.) Leaves lanceolate, ovate-lanceo- 

 late, or oblong, acute, irregularly toothed on the sides , entire at the base and 

 apex; stipules lunate, toothed; catkins erect; .vales very hairy, oblanceolatc ; 



