584 CYPERACE^. (sedge FAMILY.) 



h'l/ht'broini scnJc. ; rwm (2°-4° liigh) rough and shnrpli/ angkd nho\e, leafy below; 

 tlic pale loaves (3" -4" wide), roii^h on the edges, their surface and the s/unt/is 

 smooth. — Varies in size (hut usually tall) ; and with the lower fertile scales often 

 very long-awned, the fruit imperfect and deformed (var. morbida, Carci/ in 

 Sill. Jour. C. paleacea of authors). — Wet grounds by streams : common. 



!)G. C. gynandra, Schw., Boott. Shmt/is rourjk with minute hairiness; 

 fertile spikes rather thicker and looser, and oftcner staminatc at the apex ; peri- 

 gyuia iTioro ovate or ohiong and elliptical ; the scales longer and less sjjrcading 

 but mostly shorter-awncd : otherwise as in the jircccding, — to which it is very 

 nenrly related. — In similar situations, but less common, from New England to 

 Penn. and Michigan. 



•*- -^ Sti^mns 3 : perigynium obtusely triangular, indistinctly few-nerved, more 

 or less compressed : pistillate spikes on filiform drooping sialics. — LiM6siE. 



57. C. Barr^ttii, Schw. & Torr. Sterile spike mostly single, sometimes 2 or 

 even 3, dark purple ; fertile mostly 2 or 3, cijlindrical, commonlij sluminate at the lop; 

 lower bract usually shorter than the culm ; sheaths obsolete or minute ; pfiti- 

 gynia oval or ocnl-lnnreolate, obliquely divergent, scarcely notched at the point, 

 about the length of the ovate and blunt black-purple scale; culm (l°-2° high) 

 sharply triangular, nearly smooth, longer than the glaucous flat leaves;, the old 

 sheaths at base splitting into threads. (C. flacca, of former ed., and probably a 

 mere geographical variety of that European species.) — Marshes, New Jersey 

 near the coast, Co'lins, Knieskern ; and Townscnd, Delaware, IF. .1/. Cttnhy. 



58. C. limbsa, L. Staminatc spike soWtary ; fertile \ -2, uhlong, 10-20- 

 flowered, occasionally with staminatc flowers at the ape.x ; bracts very narrow, the 

 lowest shorter than the culm; perigynia ovate, with a minute entire point, about 

 equal to the ovate mucronale dull or purplish-brown scale. — Peat-bogs, New Eng- 

 land to Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, and northward. — Culm 6'- 12' high, erect, 

 sharply triangular, longer than the acute and rigid keeled leaves. (Eu.) 



59. C. rariflbra, Smith. Resembles the last (of which it was thought to 

 be a variety), but smaller, 4' -9' high; culm obtuse-angled; leaves flatter and 

 rather broader; pistillate spikes wirh only 5-10 less crowded flowers; pcri- 

 gynia very short-pointed or bluntish, rather shorter than and involved in the 

 broadly-ovate black-purple scale. — Mt. Katahdin, Maine (G. L. Goodale), and 

 northward. (Eu.) 



60. C. irrigua, Smith. Staminatc spike solitary; //(e/;-/-///e 2-4, orojrf or 

 oblong, occasionally staminatc at the apex, or with a few sterile flowers at the 

 base ; loiu'sl bract as wide as the leaves, longer than the culm ; perigynia roundish- 

 ovate or diovnte, with an entire oriflce, much shorter than the tapering and slender- 

 pointed dark purple scale. (C. Magellanica, Lam., according to Bootl. C. limosa, 

 var. irrigua, Widil. C. paupe'renla, Mirhr. ) — Peat-bogs, New England to Penn., 

 Wisconsin, and northward. — Tallcrjhan No. 58, growing in loose clumps, with 

 weaker and nodding stems, often exceeded by the leaves. (Eu.) 



♦ * Uppermost spike club-fihnped, pislillnte above and staminatc at th" base; the rest 

 all fertile or with a few sterile flowirs below : lowest bract leaf-like, scarcely 

 equalling the culm, with minute light-brown auricles and no sheaths : culm 

 and leaves of a pale glaucous-green. — Atr\t.e. 



