586 CTPERACE^. (sedge FAMILY.) 



slender delicate species, 4' -8' high, with long grassy- leaves, and bracts exceed- 

 ing the culm. Sterile spike often witli some fertile flowers at the apex. 

 1- t- Sli(/mas 3 : perifji/nium somewhat pointed and 3-sidcd. 

 ■w- Stainiiiate spike (or the cluster in Xo. 71) loiKj-stnlhid. 



66. C. livida, Wilkl. Fertile spikes 1 -2, rarely with a tliinl near the base 

 of the culm, \0 - Xh-floicered ; peri(/i/nin ovoid-oblonfj , ivith faint pellucid nerves, 

 tipped witli a straight obtuse point, rather longer than the ovate scale. (C. 

 limosa, var. livida, Wuhl. C. Grayana, Dew.) — Peat-bogs and wet pine bar- 

 rens, New Jersey, Oneida Co., New York, and high northward. — Rarely with 

 a single (sterile) spike, or with an additional fertile one on an erect stalk 4' -9' 

 long, from the base of the culm. Plant very glaucous, the leaves rigid and 

 finely tapering. (Eu.) 



67. C. vaginata, Tausch. Sterile spike with its stalk commonly bent to a 

 ri(jht angle with the culm at flowering time, afterwards erect; fertile 2 or 3, 

 remote, erect, slendcr-ped uncled, loosely flowered ; bracts foliaccous, short, with 

 dilated sheaths ; perigynia short-ovate when mature and witli a distinct terete 

 beak orbeuk-like oUif/ue point, cmarginate at the orifice, exceeding the ovate acute 

 scale; culm slender (lo-2° long), weak and reclining, naked, stoloniferous ; the 

 long-creeping sterile shoots bearing tufts of flat green leaves (2"-3" wide) 

 almost equalling the fertile culms. (C. sparsiflora. Fries. C. pha;ostachya, 

 Smith.) — Moist banks, Bergen swamp, Genesee Co., New York (J. A. Paine), 

 Lake Sui)crior (Robhins and Porter), and northward. (Eu.) 



68. C. panicea, L. Sterilespikealwayserect; fertile l -3, mostly 2, erect, 

 remote, oblong or short-cylindrical, rather loosely flowered, only the lower slen- 

 der-peduncled ; sheaths of the short foliaceous bracts shorter and narrower; 

 perifjipna turgid-ovate at maturity, obscurely nen'ed, tipped with a short bent 

 entire point (mostly straw-colored), longer than the ovate blunt scale. — Moist 

 grounds, Massachusetts to Delaware ( W. M. Canbij) : rare. (Eu.) 



69. C. Me^dii, Dew. Differs from the last only in the denser fertile spikes, 

 the sterile one sometimes longer; and the periggnia more triangular, less turgid, 

 paler, less indistinctly nerved, the scales pointed; culms more rigid and rough- 

 ish : the more slender forms closeh' approach the next. (C. panicea, chiefly of 

 former ed.) — Wet prairies, &c., Ohio to Illinois and Wisconsin. 



70. C. tetanica, Schk. Fertile spikes 1-3, commonig 2, oblong-cglindricaC, 

 looselg floii-ered, especially at the tapering liase, remote ; periggnia when young 

 pointed at each end, at mnturitij obovoid, scarcely inflated, with a slightly bent point, 

 longer than the ovate obtuse and often abruptly mucronate or awn-pointed scale. 

 (C. oonoidea, Gray, Gram. ^ Cgp., not of Schk. C. Woodii, Dew.) — Margins 

 of lakes and rivers, AV. Mass. to Penn., Michigan, and southward. 



71. C. Crawei, Dew. Sterile spikes often 1 or 2 small ones at the base 

 of the terminal, wjiicii is occasionally fertile at the apex ; fertile spikes 3-6, re- 

 mote, and the lowest mar the root, oblong or cylindrical, densely floicered, and some- 

 times slightly compound at the buse; their short peduncles included, or the 

 lowest cxserted ; perigynia oroid-ablong, obscurely nerved, with a very small straight 

 or slightly recurred jioint, longer than the ovate obtuse or acute or short-pointed 

 scale. (C. heterostachva, Torr.) — Wet places, S. Herkimer and Jefferson 



