594 CTPEKACEiE. (SEDGE FAMILY.) 



» » Fertile spikes short : perigynia nerveless : bracts short. — Flexiles. 

 109. C. capill^riS, L. Fertile splices commonly 3, minute, tvith about 6 alter- 

 nate Jloivers ; perigynia oblong-ovoid, contracted at the base, tapering into a long slightly 

 serrulate beak, with an obliiiue nearly entire orifice, lonj;er than tlie ovate scale. 



— Point de Tour, Lake Michiican ; alpine summits of the White Mountains, 

 New Hampshire; and hijiii northward. — An extremely delicate species, 4' -6' 

 hiyh, with spikes .3"- 6'' long, ami a line or less in width. (Eu.) 



HO. C. flexilis, Rud<;e. iiieril,^ spike short and club-shaped : fertile spikes 

 oblong or soinctimes with a few stamiuate flowers at the base and becoming 

 club-shaped; the upper bracts short and scale-like, the lower bristle-shaped, 

 very slightly sheathing ; perigynia ovoid, obscurely nerved, tapering into a 

 beak about the length of the ovate hairy -fringed scale; leaves pale green and 

 glaucous, and with the bracts soft-hairy. (C. bicphaniphora. Gray.) — Moist 

 and sliady places, Connecticut (near Salisbury), Central and Northern New 

 York, Lake Superior, and Newfoundland : rare. 



§ 9. Perigynia slightly inflated, obtusely ^-angled, nerved, smooth, tapering into a benk, 

 ■with two mostly distinct teeth, becoming taiuny or yellow at maturity : achenium 

 obovate-triquetrous, contracted at the base ; staminate spike usually soli- 

 tary. — Flav^. 



* Perigynia erect, slender-beaked: spikes remote; the staminate one usually long- 



stalked. • bracts not exceeding the culm, and with long sheaths. 



111. C. laevigata, Smith. Fertile spikes 3, cylindrical, on exserted nodding 

 stalks; perigynia ovoid, tapering into a 2-cleft beak, rather longer than the light- 

 brown or purplish pointed and aicned scale; culm smooth. (C. Greeniana, Dew.) 



— Massacliusetts (Tcwksbary ? jB. Z). Greene). Introduced? (Eu.) 



112. C. flilva, Good. Fertile spikes 2 -3, obloiiq or ovo'id, erect, the lowest on 

 an exserted stalk ; perigynia ovoid, not much exceeding the dark-brown scarcely 

 pointed awnless scale ; culm rough. (C. bine'rvis. Dew., not of Smith.) — Pond at 

 Tewksbury, Massachusetts, B. D. Greene: not since found. (Eu.) 



* * Perigynia ascending, short-beaked : .ipikes approximate or the lower remote ; the 



staminate one sessile or nearly so ; bracts much surpass'mg the culm; the upper 

 nearlij without sheaths. 



113. C. extensa, Good. Fertile s]iikc's2-4, oblong, brown-green, very 

 dense (5"- 10" long), the ui)]K'r nearly sessile, the lowest on a short included 

 stalk; perigynia ovate, the short conical beak sharply 2 toothed, longer than 

 the ovate pointed purple scale; leaves and bracts long and narrow, involute, 

 erect, rigid ; culms tufted, 8' - 20' high. — Border of salt-marshes, coast of Long 

 Island, New York, Dr. T. F. Allen. (Eu.) 



* * Piriippiia spreading or rijli'xid, lonqer than the scale: spikrs mostly approxi- 



mate or crowded ; the slaiiiinale mostly sessile or .'ihorl-slaUccd, open Jerliln nt the 

 apex or middle ; the fertile (2-4) enct all or all but the lowest short-stalked or 

 sessile: bracts much exceeding the smooth culm, their sheaths very short. 



114. C. fl^va, L. -Ferti/e s/^/te 2, )0K(/c?*67t-0i.o«/, dense, the upper approxi- 

 mated, the lowest often remote on a short exserted stalk ; brads spreading or re- 

 flexed ; perigynia tapering horn an o^oid contracted hiisc into a, slender i-ecurved 



