598 CYPERACE^. (sedge FAMILY.) 



silc, the Imi-cr on short rrscrted stnHc.t ; pcrigyni.i spreading, tapering from an ovoid 

 few- (about 10-) nerved ba^c into a long slender Itcuk with oblique orifice or short 

 minutcf If serrulate teeth, mueh longer than the lanceolate awned scale; aehenium 

 papiiio^e-roiv^hencd. (C. rostraa, Mulil., not of Mirhx.) — Wet meadows : very 

 comnioji. — Var. cuXcilis, Boott, is a slender form with 2 mueh smaller fertile 

 spikes (4"- 12" long, 3"-4" broad). — Var. Altiok, Boott, is tall (2° high), 

 with more scattered large fertile sjiikes, and the more tapering beak of perigy- 

 nium with longer teeth, perhaps a hybrid with C. lupul'ina. Penn-Yan, New 

 York, Surticill, and Anilierst, iNIass., TiwI.eriiKin. 



130. C. intumescens, Rmlge. Fertile s/iikcs l -3. ovoid, looselif few- (5-8-) 

 flowered, closehj a/i/irorimuted, sessile, or the lower on a veiy short cxserted 

 peduncle ; iJerif/'/nia ereil-spreadiuij, tapering from an ovoid J 5 - 20-ncrved base 

 into a long sometimes rour/h beak. (C. folliculata, Sclik., Michx., not ofZ-.) — Wet 

 meadows and swamps : very common. — Culm slender, about 18' high: fertile 

 spikes usually contiguous; perigynia 6" -7" long, very ventricose. 



131. C. Grayii, Carey. /"e/7<7e s/ul-es 2 (sometimes single), c/Wwse, c?f;!se/y 

 (15-30-)y?Gi;re/W, separate, on short exserttd peduncles ; peri(/i/nia (8" long) spreail- 

 vKj and dejiixed, tapering from an ovoid 25-30-ncrved base into a long smooth 

 and shininy beuk. — River bottoms, Oneida Co., New York, to Ohio and Illinois : 

 rather rare. — Culm robust, 3° high ; leaves broader; and flowers in July, a 

 month later than the last. 



* * Bracts all or all but the uppermost conspicuouslif sheathinrj. 

 ■*- Fertile spikes approximate, or only the lowest one distant, erect, very large and 

 turgid, many-flowered: pcrifjynia ascending, long-beaked from an ovate-venlricosa 

 base : sterile spikes rarely 2. 



132. C. lupulina, Muhl. Fertile spikes 2-4, cylindraceous or oblong 

 fl'-2' long, 1' thick), the lower on e.xserted stalks; perigynia (6^" -7" long) 

 often rnised on a short stalk-like base, smooth or with the beak rough above, 

 much longer than the lanceolate rough awn-pointed scale; stem (2°-3°) and 

 long broadly linear leaves and bracts smooth, the latter with rough margins 

 (3'' - 4" wide). (C. liirida, Wahl.) — Wet grounds, common. — C. Canade'nsis, 

 and C. Bellavilla, Dew., appear to be depauperate and attenuated states of this, 

 with more distant lax, and fewer-flowered spikes. 



133. C. lupuliformis, Sanwell. Fertile spikes 4 -.5, cylindrical (2' -3' 

 long), less approximate; perigynia sessile (7"-8" long); aehenium broader, 

 with mamillated angles; scale more awned ; otherwise as in the foregoing, of 

 which it is probably a mere variety. (C. lupurma, var. polystaehya, Schw. ^ 

 Torr.) — Swamps, New York to Delaware, &c. 



t- -r- Firtile spikes distant, fliw - several -flowered : perigynia lanceolate, ovate-lanceO' 

 late or spindle-shaped, loose or widili/ spreading at maturity : staminate spike small, 

 short-sta'kfd : obiusely angular culms and grassy soft leaves smooth. 



134. C. folliculata, L. Fertile spikes 3 -4, remote, 12 -20-flowerfid, aW or 

 the lowest on cxserted peduncles, turning yellowish at maturity; perigynia taper- 

 tng ovate-lanceolate from a broadish base, short-beaked, at length widely spread- 

 ing, rather exceeding the ovate white rough-awned scale. (C. xanthoph5sa, 

 Wahl.) — Peat-bogs, New England to Penn., and northward, and in one form 



