SECTION 14.3 



FRUIT 



119 



Stone Fruits, or Drupaceous, the outer part fleshy like a berry, the iuner 

 hard or stony, like a nut ; and 



Dry Fruits, those whicii have no flesh or pulp. 



350. In refereucc to the way of disseiiiiuatiug the coi/tained seed, fruits 

 are said to be 



Indehiscent when tliey do not open at maturity. Fleshy fruits and stone 

 fruits are of course indehiscent. The seed becomes free only through 

 decay or by being fed upon by animals. Those wliich escape digestion are 

 tiius disseminated by the latter. Of dry fruits many are indehiscent; and 

 these are variously arranged to be transported by animals. Some burst 

 irregularly; many are 



Dehiscent, that is, they split open regularly along certain lines, and 

 discharge the seeds. A dehiscent fruit almost always contains many or 

 several seeds, or at least more than one seed. 



371 .372 373 874 



351. Tlio principal kinds of fruit which have received substantive names 

 and are of common use in descriptive botany are the following. Of fleshy 

 fruits the leading kind is 



352. The Berry, such as the gooseoerry and currant, the blueberry 

 and cranberry (Fig. 371). the tomato, and the grape. Here the whole 

 flesh is soft throughout. The orange is a berry with a leathery rind. 



353. The Pepo, or Gourd-fruit, is a hard-rinded berry, belonging to 

 the Gourd family, such as the pumpkin, squash, cucumber, and melon. 

 Fig. 372, 373. 



354. The Pome is a name applied to the apple, pear (Fig, 37'1-), and 

 quince; fleshy fruits, like a berry, but the principal thickness is calyx, only 



FiQ. 371o Leafy shoot and ben-y (cut acros.s) of tlie larger Cranberry, Vaccinium 

 macrocarpon 



B'lG, 372. Pepo of Gourd, in section. 373. One carpel of same in diagram. 



Fig. 37-1. Longitudinal and transverse sections of a pear (jjome). 



