xMAGNOLlA FAMILY. 47 



■(- •*- Leaves crowded in an umbrella-like cluster ; leaf-buds smooth. 



M. Umbrella, Lam. Umbkella Tkke (also called M. tuipetala). 

 Wikl ill S. rniii. aiul southward. A low tree, with the leaves smooth 

 and green both sides, obovate-lanceolate, pointed at both encts, 10-2° 

 long, surrounding a large wliite flower, in spring ; the petals -I'-.j' long, 

 obovate-lanceolate and acute, narrowed at the base ; the ovate-oblong 

 cone of fruit showy in autumn, rose-red, 4'-5' long. 



M. Friseri, Walt. Kak-lkavkd U.mbuella Tkee (also called M. 

 auuicilata). Wild from Virginia S., hardy as the last, and like it; 

 but a taller tree, with the leaves seldom 1° long and auricled on each 

 side at the base, the white obovate-spatulate petals more narrowed below 

 into a claw ; cone of fruit smaller. 



* * Chinese and Japanese species ; flowers appear in rj before the obovate 

 leaves. 



M. conspicua, Salisb. Yui-an. A small tree, w^ith very large white 

 flowers ; petals G-!), obovate ; leaves pointed, downy when young. Half- 

 hardy in \. States. 



M. 8()Ulange.\na is probably a hybrid of this with M. obovata, more 

 hardy, and the petals tinged with purple. 



M. Koi!:-KRTiAN'A, a like hybrid, has darker flowers and slenderer 

 habit. 



M. srEciosA, probably of like parentage, blooms a week later than M. 

 Soulangeana, and has more durable, somewhat smaller and lighter colored 

 flowers. 



M. Lexnei, offshoot of M. obovata or hybrid with it, has very showy 

 flowers, purple outside and pearl-coloi'ed within. 



M. obovata, Thunb. (or M. puRruRK.A). Fuiii'LE M. A shrub ("jO high), 

 the sliowy flowers pink-purple outside, white within ; leaves dark green, 

 tapering gradually to petiohi ; petals 9, obovate. Japan, hardy N. 



M. stellata, Maxim, (or M. halli.Vna). A small tree; flowers white ; 

 petals about 15, linear-oblong ; leaves varying to elliptic. Japan. 



M. Kbbus, DC. (or M. TnuRBEui), is a small bushy tree, with leaves 

 broadest at the top and green below ; and very early, blush-white, fra- 

 grant flowers. Japan. 



3. CERCIDIPHYLLUM. {Cercis-leaved, from the resemblance of 

 the foliage to that of the Red Bud.) Two large trees in Japan, one of 

 which is now becoming popular in this country as an ornamental tree. 



C. JapSnicum, Sieb. & Zuec. Leaves round heart-shaped, or some- 

 wliat kidney-shaped, with .")-") main veins, crenate, glaucous beneath. 

 Tree fastigiate in shape. 



4. ILLICIUM, STAR ANISE. (^\A\im: to entice.) Shrubs, aromatic, 

 especially the bark and i)ods, with evergreen oblong leaves. 



I. Floridinum, Ellis. Leaves oblong-lanceolate; petals 20-30, narrow- 

 widelv spreading, dark purple, the flowers about 1' in diameter. Shrub 

 G-'-liP, far S. 



I. parvifl6rum, Michx., S., sometimes cult., has lanceolate leaves, G- 



ri, ovate or v uimlish, yellow petals, and smaller flowers. 



5. SCHIZANDRA. (Greek: cut-stamens.) 



S. coccinea, Mirhx., a twining shrub of S. States, scarcely aro- 

 matic, with tliiii ovate or oblontr. alternate, deciduous leaves, and small 

 erimsoii-purplp flowers in spring-. 



