234 COMPOSITE FAMILY. 



rou^h above ; heads small and rays very short. Common and variable. 

 N. and S. 



S. r^dula, Nutt. Stem and leaves very rough ; leaves oblong or 

 obovate-sijatulate. 111., W. and S. 



o o Plant asliy-canescent. 



S. nemoralis, Ait. Pubescence close; stem nearly simple, less than 

 3° ; leaves oblanceolate or spatulate-oblong, the lower obscurely crenate ; 

 panicle becoming secund or one-sided ; rays 5-9, light-colored. Sterile 

 soil, N. and S. 



= = Leaves either not at all 3-ribbod, or venj obscurely triplinerved. 



II Leaves all perfectly entire. 



S. semp^rvirens, Linn. Smooth and stout, l°-8° ; leaves lanceolate 

 and slightly claspnig, very smooth, the lowest ones obscurely 3-nerved ; 

 heads rather large and showy, the 7-10 rays golden. Seashore, N. B. to 

 Fla. Flowers early. 



S. od6ra. Ait. Smooth or nearly so, 2°-3°, the stem slender and 

 sometimes reclined ; leaves not 3-nerved, linear-lanceolate, shining and 

 pellucid-dotted ; heads very small ; rays 3-4, i-ather large. Canada to Fla. 



II II Some of the leaves more or less rrennlate or serrate {except sometimes 

 the first). 



o Panicle thyrsoid, pyramidal or long -virfj ate. 



X Scales thin, acute. 



S. stricta. Ait. Very smooth, with small, appressed, entire, lance- 

 oblong, thickish leaves, the upper ones mere bracts ; heads in a narrow 

 spicate raceme ; rays 5-7. Pine barrens, N. J., S. 



S. pub^rula, Nutt. Minutely hoary ; leaves lanceolate-acute ; heads 

 very numerous in short racemes which form a long dense iianicle ; rays 

 about 10. Me., S. ^ ,, Scales firm, obtuse. 



S. uligindsa, Nutt. Smooth, 2°-3° ; leaves lanceolate, tapering into 

 a wingetl petiole ; racemes much crowded into a dense wand-like panicle ; 

 rays 5-6, small. Bogs, N. 



S. speci6sa, Nutt. Smooth, 3°-fi° ; leaves rather thick, rough-mar- 

 gined, oval or ovate, or the uppermost oblong-lanceolate ; heads in 

 numerous erect racemes, which form a pyramidal panicle ; rays about 5, 

 large. Can. to N. C. and W. 



o o Panicle short and broad or racemose. 



X Leaves linear or lanceolate, sessile (on the stem), obscurely veiny; 

 heads in a short and broad panicle of secund clusters. 



S. tortif6lia, Ell. Stem 2"-3^, scabrous-pubescent; leaves linear, 

 generally twisted ; rays very short. Va., S. 



S. piibsa, Walt. Stout, 3°-7", with spreading hairs ; leaves oblong- 

 lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, hairy beneath ; rays 7-10, very short. 

 Pine barrens, N. J., S. 



X X Leaves broad or ample, veiny ; heads raremosely paniculate. 



+ Foliage rugose-veiny, pubescent or scabrous above or below. 



S. pdtula, Muhl. Stem strongly angled, smooth, 2°-4" ; leaves ovate, 

 very rough above, smooth and veiny beneath ; racemes rather short and 

 numerDUs. Can. to Ga. and Tex. 



S. amplexicatiUs, Torr. & Gray. Slender, l°-3°, more or less pubes- 

 cent ; leaves ovate, acute, scabrous above and soft-pubescent beneath, 

 clasping; rays about 3 (sometimes 0). Fla., W. 



