COMPOSITE FAMILY. 249 



44. BIDENS, BUR MARIGOLD, BEGGAR'S TICKS, riTCIIFORKS. 



(Latin: ttoo-tontlied, friiiu the usually 2 awns of the pappus.) Our 

 species ® or (2). The akencs adhere to the dress or to the fleece of 

 animals by their barbed awns. (p. 227.) 



* A/iCJies brodil (tiidjlat, vith hrhtln cUlatc mdVijins. 

 -1- Cnarsr and very homely loeeds, comuionly iclUioat any rays. 



B. frond6sa, Linn. Common Beggar's Ticks. Coarse weed in lower 

 manured grounds ; 2°-G° high, branched, with pinnate leaves of 3-5 

 broad lanceolate, coai'sely toothed leaflets, outer involucre nnich longer 

 than the head, and wedge-obovate akenes ciliate with upturned bristles, 

 and 2-awned. 



B. connata, Muhl. Smooth, l°-2° high, with simple lanceolate and 

 taper-pointed leaves, or the lower o-divided and decurrent on the petiole ; 

 smaller heads ; narrow wedge-shaped akenes, minutely and downwardly 

 ciliate and bearing about 3 awns. Low grounds. 



•<- -t- Loio smooth herbs, loith shoioy golden rays V long. 



B. chrysanthemoides, Michx. Shallow water or wet places ; 6'-30' 

 higli, with simple, lanceolate, se.ssile, serrate leaves, outer involucre 

 shorter than the rays, and wedge-shaped akenes with almost prickly, 

 downwardly barbed margins and 2-4 awns. 



* * Akenes linear or needle-shaped. 



B. B^ckii, Torr. Immersed in water, N. and W., the single, short- 

 peduncled heads rising above the surface, and with showy rays ; leaves 

 cut into very numerous, flne, hair-like divisions ; awns of the stout akenes 

 4-0, barl)ed near the tip. 



B. bipinnata, Linn. l°-3° high, branched, with 1-3-pinnately parted, 

 petioled leaves ; ovate-lanceolate leaflets ; small heads ; short, pale-yellow 

 rays, and slender akenes with 3-4 barbed awns. Dry soil, R. I., S. 

 and W. 



45. COSMOS. {Greek: an orname)it.) Tall plants with handsome, 

 line, foliage and very late flowers. Cidt. (p. 227.) 



C. bipinndtus, Cav. Leaves pinnately divided into narrowly linear or 

 almost lilit'orm lobes; outer involucral scales ovate-lanceolate and acumi- 

 nate; rays 1 '-2' long, rose-color. Mexico. 



C. tenuifdl/'us, Lindl. Rather lower, the foliage still more finely cut; 

 outer scales less acuminate ; rays rich or dark purple. Mexico. 



46. HELENIUM, SNEEZEWEED. (Old Greek name.) (p. 220.) 



H. autumnale, Linn. The commonest species, wild in low grounds ; 

 lo_40 high, vvith lanceolate, toothed leaves, their base often decurrent on 

 the stem, and a corymb of showy yellow-flowered heads, the rays often 

 drooping, in autumn. 21 



47. GAILLARDIA. (Caillard de Mcrenlonneau, a, French botani.st.) 



(p. 220.) 



G. lanceol^ta, Michx. Leaves narrow (nio.stly entire), lanceolate; 

 rays cominonlv small and few, yellow, and purple disk flowers. S. Car., 

 W. and S. (2) 11 



G. pulch^ila, Foug. Wild from La., W., and cult, for ornament (one 

 form called G. i-i'cta), has broader leaves, some of them cut-toothed or 

 lobed, and sliowy heads with the large rays mostly brownish crimson- 

 purple with yellow tips. 



