COMPOSITE FAMILY. 257 



71. CICHORIUM, .SUCCORY, CICHOKY, or CHICORY. (Arabic 



name of the plant.) 



C. Intybus, Linn. Common C. Nat. fruiii Ku. by roadsides, mainly E. ; 

 leaves runcinate, rough-hairy on the midrib, or tlie upper ones on flower- 

 ing stems, small and bract-like, entire ; showy blue flowers opening only 

 iu the morning and in cloudy weather ; root used as substitute for coffee. 

 Young shoo.ts often grown as a blanched vegetable. % (Lessons, Figs. 

 266, 2()7, .181.) 



C. Endivia, Linn. Endive. Leaves smooth, slightly or deeply toothed, 

 or much cut and crisped ; flowering stems leafy, with pink-blue flowers ; 

 s^jreading root leaves used as a salad. Old World. (2) 



72. TRAGOPOGON, GOAT'S BEARD. (Greek: ijnafs heard, Irom 



the pappus. ) 



T. porrifolius, Linn. Salsify, Oyster Plant. C'ult. from Eu. for the 

 edible tap-rool, sometimes running wild ; smooth and pale, *2"-4° high, 

 branching, with long leaves tapering from a clasping base to a slender 

 apex, very large heads on hollow peduncle much thickened upwards, and 

 deep violet-purple flowers. @ 



T. pratensis, Linn. Leaves broader at the base, and peduncle scarcely 

 thickened ; flowers yellow. Xat. from Eu. (g) 



73. LEONTODON, HAWKBIT. (Greek: lion-tooth, from the run- 

 cinate leaves of some species.) 



L. autumnale, Linn. Fall Dandelion. Nat. from Eu. in meadows 

 and lawns K. ; leaves pinnatitid or laciniate ; scapes slender, 8'-12' high, 

 branching ; peduncles thickish ;ind scaly-bracted next the small head ; 

 flowers summer and autumn. 21 



74. HIERACIUM, HAWK^VEE1) (which the name means in Greek). 

 Flowers mo.stly yellow. H 



* Involucre scarcely imbricated, tcith ni> distinct calyctdate bracts at its 



base ; pappus copious, iu a single series. 



H. aurant/acum, Linn. Low. the stems hirsute and glandular; invo- 

 lucre with dark hairs ; scape simple, with the leaves clustered near its 

 base ; flowers deep orange or orange-red ; akenes oblong and truncate. 

 Eu. In gardens, and escaped. 



* * Involucre distinctly imbricated. <>r else vith cuhjculate bracts at the 



base ; pappus scant {exce)it in the ^first), unequal. 



H- Heads large ; involucre imbricated. 



H. Canadense, Michx. Stems simple, \°-A^° high and leafy uj) to the 

 corymbed summit ; leaves lanceolate or oblong, acute, with a few coarse 

 teeth ; heads rather large, with loose imbricated involucre. N. 



•t- -I- Heads small : involucre little imbricated, but calyculate. 



++ Akenes not tapering upward; panicle rather broad (or not virgate). 



H. paniculdtum, Linn. Stems slender and branching, k afy, 2*^-3*^ 

 high ; leaves lanceolate, scarcely toothed ; panicle loose, of very small 

 12-2U-flowered heads on slender peduncles, the involucre very simple. 

 N. and S. 



H. ven6sum, Linn. Rattlesnake Weed. Very smooth or with a 

 few hairs ; leaves chiefly at the root, obovate or oblong, thin, purplo- 

 tinged beneath and purple-veiny aboVe ; scape slender, l'"-2" high, fork- 



GKAY'S l\ F. & U. BOT. — 17 



