GENTIAN FAMILY. 201 



2. SPIGELIA, riNKHOOT, WORM GRASS. (Named for Adrian 

 Spiegel, Latinized iSpigclius.) Flowers summer. ^ 



S. Marildndica, Linn. Rich woods, from N. J., W. and S.; nearly 

 smooth, (i'-lts' liii4li ; leaves sessile, lance-ovate, acute ; flowers in simple 

 or forked spike-like clusters, terminating the stem or branches ; corolla 

 l.V long, slender, handsome, red outside, yellow within, the lobes lance- 

 olate. Root used as a vermifuge. 



LXXV. GENTIANACEiE, GENTIAN FAMILY. 



Known generally from the other monopetalons plants witli 

 free ovary by the 1-celled ovary and pod with 2 parietal pla- 

 centae covered with small seeds, along with regular flowers, 

 having stamens as many as the lobes of the corolla and alternate 

 with them, and the leaves opposite, simple, entire, and sessile, 

 without stipules. The exceptions are that in some cases the 

 ovules cover the whole inner face of the ovary, and in one 

 group the leaves are alternate and even compound. They are 

 nearly all very smooth and bitter-tonic plants, with colorless 

 juice, the calyx persistent. Ours herbs, none in common 

 cultivation. 



* Leaves oppoi<ite or whoi-lcd and entire, sessile. Cm-oUa with the lobes mostly con- 



volute in the bud, sometimes also plaited in the sinuses. 

 +- Style slender, deciduous from thej)od; anthers soon curving. 



1. SABBATIA. Calyx 5-12-parted, the divisions slender. Corolla wheel-shaped, 5-12- 



parted. Style 2-parted. Pod ^lobular, many-seeded. Slender herlis. 

 -1- -t- Stout style (if any) and stigmas persistent on the pod; anthers remaining 

 straight. 

 ++ Corolla lobes mostly bearing an appendage or a plait in the sinus. 



2. FEASER.V. Calyx and corolla deeply 4-parted, wheel-shaped ; divisions of the latter , 



with a plandular and fringed spot or pit on their middle. Pod oval, flattened, rather 

 few-seeded ; seeds larfje and flat, wing-margined. Large thick-rooted herbs, with 

 whorled leaves and panicled flowers. 



3. GENTIANA. Calyx 4-.'5-cleft. Corolla 4-5-lobed, often with teeth or salient folds nt 



the sinuses, usually withering persistent. Style short or none ; .stigmas 2, persistent. 

 Pod oblong, containing innumerable small seeds with loose cellular or winged coat. 

 Flowers solitary or clustered, mostly showy. 



++ ++ N^o appendages. 



4. BARTONIA. Calyx 4-parted. Corolla deeply 4-cleft. Style none. Pod oblong, flat- 



tish, the minute innumerable seeds covering its whole inner face. Flowers very 

 small. Leaves reduced to little awl-shaped scales. 



5. OBOLAUIA. Calyx of 2 leafy sepals. Corolla persistent after withering, 4-cleft, the 



lobes imbricated in the bud. Style short and persistent, the stigma 2-lippcd. Sta- 

 mens short, inserted at the sinuses of the corolla. Low half-fleshy herbs with wedge- 

 obovate opposite sm.iU leaves. 



• » Leaves alternate, long petioled. Corolla irilh the lobes valrafe atid the edges 



turned inwards in the bud. Seeds many or few, with a liard or bony coat. 



6. MENYANTIIES. Calyx 5-parted. Corolla very short funnel form, ."j-lobed, white- 



beiirdcd over the whole upper face. Style slender, persistent ; stigma 21obcd. Pod 



