NETTLE FAMILY. 385 



Flowers nioncBciously polygamous, or perfect, with the fila- 

 ments not iiiflexed in the bud, and 2 diverging styles or long 

 stigmas. Ovary 1-2-eelled, with 1 or 2 hanging ovules, in 

 fruit always 1-celled and 1-seeded. 



» Fruit dry, winged or nut like. Anthers turned outwards. 



1. ULMUS. Calyx bell-shaped, 4-9-cleft. Stamens 4-9; filaments lonp and slender. 



Ovary mostly 2-celled, becoming a 1-celled thin samara or key-fruit winged all round 

 (Lessons, Fig. 890). Flowers in clusters in a.xils of last year's leaves, in early spring, 

 before the leaves of the season, purplish or yellowish-green. Leaves straight-veined, 

 serrate. 



2. PLANERA. Like Elm, but flowers more polj'gamous, appearing with the leaves in 



small a.xillary clusters ; the lobes of the calyx and stamens only 4 or 5 ; the 1-celled 

 1-ovuled ovary forming a wingless nut-like fruit. 



* * Fruit a berry-like globular small drupe. Anthers turned inward. 

 8. CELTIS. Calyx 5-6-parted, persistent. Stamens 5 or 6. Stigmas very long, tapering. 

 Ovary and drupe 1-celled, 1-seeded. Flowers greenish, in the axils of the leaves; 

 the lower ones mostly staminate and clustered, the upper fertile and mostly solitary 

 on a slender peduncle. 



II. HEMP SUBFA]\IILY. Rough herbs, with watery 

 juice and tough fibrous bark. Leaves mostly opposite and 

 palmately lobed or compound. Flowers dioecious, greenish ; 

 the sterile in axillary loose compound racemes or piinicles, the 

 fertile in close clusters or catkins ; calyx of the former with 

 5 sepals, of the latter 1 scale-like sepal embracing the ovary 

 and akene. Stigmas or hairy styles 2, long. 



4. CANNABIS. Erect herb. Stamens 5, droojjing. Fertile llowers in Irregular spiked 



clusters. Leaves of 5-7 lanceolate irregularly toothed leaflets. 



5. HUMULUS. Tall-twining. Stamens erect. Fertile flowers in solitary short catkins 



or .spikes, 2 flowers under each of the broad thin bracts which make the scales of the 

 strobile or hop fruit. 



III. FIG SUBFAMILY. Woody plants, generally trees, 

 with milky or colored acrid or poisonous juice. Leaves alter- 

 nate. Flowers strictly monoecious or dioecious. Styles or 

 stigmas commonly 2. 



* Flowers of both kinds mixed, lining the insideofa closed fleshy receptacle, or hollow 



flower stalk, which ripens into wJiat seems to be a sort of berry. 



6. FICITS. IJeceptacle in which the flowers are concealed borne in the axil of the loaves. 



Akene seed-like. Stipules large, successively enveloping the young leaves in the 

 bud, falling off as the leaves expand. (Lessons, Figs. 40.'), 400, 407.) 



• • Flowers of the two kinds mostly separate; the fertile crowded in catkin-like spikes 



or heads, which become fleshy in fruit ; filaments inflejced in the bud, spreading 

 elastically when the calyx expands. 



7. MACLl'KA. Flowers dioecious ; the sterile in racemes, and nearly like those of Mul- 



berry; the fertile densely crowded in a large spheric.il head, its calyx of 4 unetiuiil 

 Stpals, in fruit inclosing the .small akene ; the" whole head ripening into a fleshy 

 yellow mass, resembling an orange with a roughish surface. 

 ORAY'fS F. F. * G. HOT. 25 



