462 SCREW PINE FAMILY. 



lower and thicker part of slender-stalked ovaries tapering into a style and below sur- 

 rounded by numerous club-shajied bristles, which form the copious down of the fruit. 

 2. Sl'AHGANIirM. Flowers collected in sei)arate dense heads, scattered along- the summit 

 of the leafy stem ; the ui)per ones of stamens only with some minute scales inter- 

 posed, the lower of pistils, each ovary with a few small scales at its base, the whole 

 ripening into a spherical head of small nuts, which are wedge-shaped below and with 

 a pointed tip. 



1. TYPHA, CAT-TAIL FLAG. (Greek, for fen, in which these 

 phint.s abound.) Flowers early summer. 



T. latifdlia, I>inn. Commox C. or IIeicd-mace. With flat leaves, these 

 and the .stem 0^-10° high ; pistillate flowers without bractlets ; no in- 

 terval between the sterile and fertile part of the spike. Common in 

 marshes. 



T. angustifdlia, Linn. Narrow-lkaved C. Less common, mostly 

 near the coast, smaller ; leaves narrower, more channeled toward the 

 base ; pistillate flowers with hair-like bractlets ; commonly a space be- 

 tween the sterile and the fertile part of the spike. 



2. SPARGANIUM, BUR REED. (Name from Greek for a fillet, 

 alluding to the ribbon-shaped leaves.) Flowers summer. 



* Fruit sessile, broad and 'nincate, often 2-seeded. 



S. eurycarpum, Engelm. Great B. Border of ponds and streams 

 N. Eng. to Xix., and W.; 3°-5° high, with panicled-spiked heads, the 

 fertile when in fruit U" thick, the nuts broad-tipped; stigmas 2 ; leaves 

 ^'-|' wide, flat on upper side, keeled and concave-sided on the other. 



* * Fruit slightly stipitate, narrower, always l-celled. 



S. simplex. Smaller B. In water ; erect, or sometimes floating ; l°-2° 

 high, mostly with a sunple row of heads ; leaves narrower ; stigma simple, 

 linear, as long as the .style ; nuts tapering to both ends and with a stalked 

 base. N. Eng. to N. J., and W. Very variable. 



S. minimum. Fries. Smallest B. Mostly with leaves floating in 

 shallow water ((V-10' long) and flat ; heads few ; stigma simple, oval ; 

 nuts oval, short-pointed and short-stalked. N. Eng. to I'cnn., and W. 



CXXXI. PANDANACEiE, SCREW PINE FAMILY. 



Represented in greenhouses by Pa.vd.vnus utilts, Bory, the 

 striped-leaved P. Veitchii, Hort., and some other species ol 

 the same genus, known as Screw Pixes, all tropical. They 

 are palm-like bushes, ranging from 5°-15° high as commonly 

 grown, with prickly-toothed ensiform stiff leaves crowded on 

 woody stems. They seldom blossom in conservatories. The 

 flowers are dioecious, the staminate ones in a mostly branched 

 spadix, the pistillates in a simple dense spadix. Spathes per- 

 sistent or deciduous, dry or colored. Perianth 0. Stamens 

 numerous. Ovary l-celled, or the ovaries united into a 2-x - 

 celled compound one. Fruit berry-like or a woody drupe. 



