FERN FAMILY. 493 



the lower ones very compound and often 1" long ; fruit dots very numer- 

 ous, often covering nearly the whole segment. 



* * * * Fnnuls broadli/ triangular, tirlce or thrice pinnate throughout ; 

 loicest primary divisions long-stalked. 



P. aquilina, Linn. Common Brake. Plentiful everywhere, l°-5° 

 high, liarsli to the touch ; the lowest, primary divisions standing obliquely 

 forward ; secondary divisions pinnatilid with many oblong or linear, some- 

 times hastate lobes, which in a fruiting frond are bordered everywhere 

 with brown spore cases ; variable. 



8. PELLiEJA, CLIFF BRAKE. (Greek: dusky, descriptive of the 

 stalk.) Mostly small Ferns. 



P. atropiirptirea, Link. Wild, on shaded limestone ; fronds tufted, 

 6'-12' long, 2'-4' wide, with polished and sparingly downy stalks, 2-pin- 

 nate, simply pinnate toward the top; pinnules distinct, oblong,, or linear- 

 oblong, rarely halberd-shaped, obtuse, or slightly mucronate ; involucre 

 rather broad, and at length hidden by the sp(n-e cases. 



P. gracilis, Hook. Fronds ;3'-0' high, of very delicate texture, the 

 pinn<Te few, the lower ones being once or twice pinnately-parted ; pinnae 

 of the fertile frond oblong or linear-oblong and entire, or nearly so ; 

 those of the sterile frond ovate or obovate and crenate or incised. Lime- 

 stone rocks, Mass., W. and N. 



P. ternifdiia, F6e. Fronds 0'-12' long, lance-linear, the opposite pinnae 

 of 6-12 pairs, each one cleft nearly to the base into 3 linear, rigid 

 segments with inroUed edges. Trop. Amer. 



9. CHEILANTHES, LIP FERN. (Greek: Zip .^oicer, from the form 

 of the indusium. ) A few species are cultivated, not mentioned here. 



* Fronds smooth. 



C. Alabamensis, Kunze. Fronds 2'-8' long, ovate-lanceolate and 2- 

 pinnate ; the pinnaj numerous and oblong-lanceolate, with triangular- 

 oblong pinnules. Mountains, Va. and Ky., S. 



» * Fronds hairy. 



C. vestita, Swartz. Fronds 6'-15' high, lanceolate, oblong, rusty-ha'ry, 



2-pinnate ; the pinna; rather distant and triangular-ovate ; pinnules oblong 



and crowded and somewhat incised with reflexed lobes. Rocks, N. Y. 



City, S. and ^V. n ? n ^ , 



■" * * * brands irooUii or tomentose. 



C. toment6sa. Link. Fronds 12'-20' high, lance-oblong, densely 

 whitish-tomentose, ;!-pinnate ; primary and secondary pinnae oblong or 

 ovate-oblong ; pinnules distinct, the margin continuously reflexed. Moun- 

 tains, Va. ami Ky., S. 



C. Ianugin6sa, Nntt. Fronds S'-fi' high, on dark, shining stipes, 

 ovate-lanceolate, whitisli-wonlly, 2- or 8-pinnate ; pinnte ovate, the lowest 

 distinct and the upper contigmuis ; pinnules crenate-pinnatifld ; the mar- 

 gin almost continuously reflexed. Tufted ; cliffs, Minn., S. and W. 



10. WOODWARDIA, CHAIN FERN. (Thomas J. ]Voodicard, a.n 



English botanist of the last century.) 



"W. Virgfnica, Smith. Tall, growing in swamps, Me., S. and W. ; 

 sterile and fertile fronds alike, ovate in outline, pinnate, with lanceolate, 

 deeply pinnatifld pinnse ; lobes oblong, obtuse ; veins reticulated, form- 

 ing a single row of meshes along the midribs of pinnae and of lobes, the 

 outer veinlets free ; fruit dots oblong, close to the midribs. 



