71 



Forest ( Idaho ) . 



2. State of Montana: Department of Fish, 



Wildlife and Parks? Division of Forestry. 



D. Easements, conservation restrictions, etc.: A 



conservation easement on 6^+0 acres is currently 

 being completed for the Monture Creek site (002), 

 between The Nature Conservancy and the private 

 landowner (Cora Barbour, Monture Ranch, Ovando , 

 MT 5985^ ) . 



10. Management practices and experience. 

 A. Habitat management. 



1. Review of past management and land use 

 exper iences . 



a. Gr indel ia howel 1 i i : As previously 

 noted, the species occurs frequently in 

 areas disturbed by logging, road 

 building and maintenance, grazing, and 

 possibly herbicide spraying; no 

 information is available regarding 

 management activities specifically 

 carried out for Gr i nde 1 i a howe 1 1 l i . 



b. Related taxa: Gr i nde 1 i a squar rosa also 

 frequently occurs in disturbed habitats; 

 no specific management practices are 

 known . 



c. Other ecologically similar taxa: Not 



rev iewed . 



2. Performance under changed conditions: As 



previously noted, juveniles and mature 

 plants of Gr i nde 1 i a howe 1 1 1 i survive and 

 reproduce well at many locations where 

 habitat disturbance has occurred. 



3- Current management policies and actions: 



Not reviewed in detail; the Holland Lake 

 site (001) partially occurs within a marked 

 timber sale area on the Flathead National 

 Forest. Champion International lands are 

 actively managed for grazing and timber 

 har ves t i ng . 



*♦ . Future land use: The area occupied by 

 Gr i ndel i a howe 1 1 i i in Montana is very 

 valuable for commercial timber production 

 and livestock grazing. It is anticipated 

 that these activities will continue in the 

 future . 



