Handbook or Tkees of the Nortiieen States and Canada. 1' 



The Swamp White Cak is ii tree commonly 

 eO or 70 ft. ill h.'i.^ht with trunk 2 or 3 ft. 

 in thickness, hut Avhcn crowded hy other trees 

 in forest growth has In-en known to attain 

 tlie height of DO or 100 ft. The short stout 

 trunks of isolated trees are sometimes or 

 8 ft. in thickness. Tlie tops of these are usu- 

 ally broad or rounded, with numerous tortu- 

 ous braiu-hes. and more or less pendulous 

 hranchlets which often fringe the trunk above. 

 As its name implies it inhabits the low grounds 

 of bottom-lands growing in company with the 

 Eed and Silver Maples, King-nut Hickory. 

 Sweet and Sour Gums, Over-cup, Pin and Burr 

 Oaks, Green and Black Ashes, etc. 



Its wood is heavy, hard and tough, a cubic 



foot when absolutely dry weighing 47.75 lbs. 



and is applied to the same uses as that of the 



White Oak. no distinction being made between 



the two in commerce.- 



Lcnves obovate to obovate-oblong, wedge-shaped 

 at base, rounded or obtuse at apex, coarsely 

 sinuate-crenate with 6-8 pairs of primary veins 

 or sometimes pinnately lobed with rounded entire 

 lol)es, tomentose at first but at maturity dark 

 green and lustrous above, whitish and more or 

 less tomentose beneath; petioles stout %-l in. 

 long. Flotccrs staminate aments 2-4 in. long with 

 light yellow and deeply .5-9-lobed calyx ; pistillate 

 with long tomentose peduncles and short red 

 stigmas. Fruit commonly in pairs with peduncle 

 2-6 times as long as the petioles ; nut ovoid, 

 %-l in. long, pubescent at apex and about one-third 

 pnveloped by the hemispheric tomentose cup, some- 

 times tuberculate at base but smooth near rim and 

 with tips of scales free and contorted. 



1. Syn. Qiterciis l)icoJoi- Willd. 



2. A. W., Ill, 66. 



