Handbook of Tkees of tiij: Northern States and Canada. 18' 



Compared with tho lureo olms of the North- 

 ern States, tlie Winded Klni is a tree of 

 medium size. It rarely attains a f!;reater lieijjlit 

 tlian 50 or CO ft. or greater thickness of trunk 

 than 2 ft., and wiien isohited forms a sym- 

 metrical oblong or ohovoid toji. It inhabits 

 well drained uplands and the borders of 

 swamps and streams,- being most abundant in 

 the regions west of the Mississippi River in 

 company with the Hackberries, Honey Locust, 

 Willow-leaf and Shingle Oaks, Prickly Ash, 

 etc. It differs materially from our northern 

 elms* in the size of its small leaves, and a pecu- 

 liar feature is the wide wing-like growths of 

 cork which develop on opposite sides of some 

 of its branchlets, particularly the lowermost 

 and those near the tnuik of the tree. It is 

 from this feature that it takes both its com- 

 mon and technical names. 



Its wood is heavy, a cubic foot when abso- 

 lutely dry weighing 46.68 lbs., hard and diffi- 

 cult to split, though it is not considered as 

 strong as that of the northern Elms.i 



Lenvrs ovate-olilong. from abruptly wedge-shapi>d 

 to subcordate at base and somewhat inequilateral, 

 acute or acuminate, doubly serrate, at maturity 

 firm, smooth, dark green above, pale pubescent bi-- 

 neath. Flowers appearing in early spring before 

 the leaves, in short few-flowered fascicles ; calyx- 

 glabrous with "> obovate lobes. Fruit ripenin<; 

 usually before the unfolding of the leaves, samara 

 from 1/4-^! in. in length, long-stipitate, white- 

 hairy especially on the thickened margin ; wings 

 nariow and with protruded points incurved at 

 apex. 



1. A. W., XII, 289. 



