I 



Handbook of Trees of tpie Xoktiiekn States and Canada. 457 

 FIGWORT FAMILY. SCOPHULARIACE/E Lixdl. 



This family consists chiefly of herbs, but some shrubs and trees, and is of very wide dis- 

 tribution. About 2,500 species are known, grouped in Km genera. 



Leaves various, without stipules. Flowers mostly perfect, complete and irregular : calyx 

 inferior, variously cleft or divided, jiersistent ; corolla gamopetalous, irregular, with imbi'icated 

 lobes; stamens 2-.'), didynamous or nearly equal and inserted on the corolla nlternate with its 

 lobi's : anthri's 2 or 1-celIed : iiistil solitary with slender style, entire or _2-lobed stigma and 

 mostly L'-ct'lled ovary containing anatropous or amphiti'opous ovules on axile placenta?. Fruit 

 a capsule usually containing luimorous seeds with small embryo in copious albumen. 



THE PAULOWNIA. Genus PAULOWXIA Sieb. & Zucc. 



This is a genus composed of possibly two or three species of Asiatic trees but is generally 

 known only by the single species P. iniperialis S. & Z., now naturalized in America. 



Leaves opposite, long-petioled, mostly 5-8 in. long larger on vigorous shoots, broad-ovate, 

 cordate, acute or short acuminate, entire or with a single short-pointed lobe on each side, vel- 

 vety pubescent especially at first; long-petioled, branchlets with segmented pith. Fl<jir(rs 

 before or with the leaves, fragrant, in large erect rusty tomentose terminal panicles from buds 

 formed the previous summer and remaining naked during the winter ; calyx with .5 thick lobes ; 

 corolla 11/2-2 in. long, pale violet or blue, somewhat irregular, with 5 spreading lobes, i)iibern- 

 lent outside : stamens 4, didynamous, included, with divaricate anth(M--sacs. Fruit broad-ovoid 

 woody abruptly pointed 2-celled capsule, about IVz in- long, loculicidally dehiscent and contain- 

 ing many small membranous-winged seeds. 



The genus is named after Princess Anna Paulowna, daughter cf the Czar Paul I. 



For spceics sec pp. '/lO-'ftL 



HONEYSUCKLE FAMILY. CAFRIFOLIACEiE Bent. 



Trees, shrubs, vines, and perennial herbs of about 2(50 species and grouped in ten generti. 



They are most abundant in the north temperate zone, but a few extend into the tropics and 



the southern hemisphere. 



Leaves opposite, petiolate, involute in the bud and mostly without stipules. Floicers regu- 

 lar, perfect, and in terminal compound cymes ; calyx-tube adnate to the ovary with .5-toothe.l 

 limb ; corolla 5-lobed and sometimes 2-lipped ; stamens 5, inserted on the tube of the corolla 

 and alternate with its lobes, exserted, with slender free filaments ; anthers oblong, introrse. 

 2-celled, longitudinally dehiscent; ovary inferior, l-(3-celled with short style and 3-5-lobed capi- 

 tate stigma ; ovules solitary, anatropous and suspended from the apex of the cell. Fruit a 

 1-6-celled drupe, capsule or berry ; seeds with membranous coat, minute embryo and copious 

 albumen. 



THE NANNY-BERRIES, ETC. Genus MBURXUAI L. 



Shrubs and small trees with tough branches of nearly TOO species widely distributed in 

 north temperate regions and a few in the tropics. Several species are important on account 

 of their ornamental flowers and fruit. About 75 are natives of North America, all shrubby 

 except three, which are small trees of the Atlantic states. 



Leaves deciduous, generally without stijiules and the first pair rudimentary; petioles 

 broad; buds large and enveloiied with a single pair of scales. Flowers white or rarely iiink. 

 in terminal or axillary compound cymes with minute caducous bracts and bractlets, the outer 

 flowers sometimes radiant and neutral ; calyx with tubinate tube and stout 5-toothed limli, 

 persistent in the fruit; corolla rotate with 5 spreading and finally reflexed lobes; ovary 1-celled. 

 inferior, with short conical style, o-lobed and stigmatic at apex. Fruit an oblong or sub- 

 globose and sometimes fiatten(>d dru])e \\ith thin sweet or acidulous flesh and a single stone 

 which in the American si)eci(>s is dark brown, coriaceous and much flattened. 



The name is ancient Latin name of one of the European species. 



For species see pp. Jf 12-411. 



