28 HINTS ON HORSEMANSHIP. 



liberty, and fully extended ; if the retaining indication of the 

 hands only be given, he will go backward in a loose and 

 extended form ; if, on the contrary, the urging indication of 

 the legs or whip only be given, he will move forward in a 

 loose and extended form, at a walk, trot, or gallop, according 

 to the vivacity with which the indication is given. If these 

 two opposite indications be given at the same time, the horse 

 will, as it is termed, collect himself. That is, being pulled 

 backward and urged forward at the same time, in obeying 

 both indications, a sort of condensation of the horse — I know 

 not how to express it otherwise— will result. If both indications 

 be continued and increased, the horse will piaffe that is, con- 

 tinue collected, in motion, without progressing; or he will 

 make the courbette, or rear. If both indications be discon- 

 tinued, he will resume the extended position of repose. If 

 again, in this position, both indications be given, but the 

 retaining one the strongest, the horse will go backward in a 

 collected form. If both be given, but the urging indication 



