HINTS ON HORSEMANSHIP. CI 



to raise the seat from the saddle. This is not the case with 

 the clasp obtained in a side-saddle ; and for a tour deforce, 

 I find I am much stronger in a side-saddle than in my own. 

 There is no danger in this third pummel, since there is not 

 the danger of being thrown on it. More than this, it renders 

 it next to impossible that the rider should be thrown against 

 or upon the other pummels. In the case of the horse bucking, 

 without the leaping horn, there is nothing to prevent the 

 lady from being thrown up. The right knee is thus disen- 

 gaged from the pummel, and all hold lost. The leaping horn 

 prevents the left knee from being thrown up, and from that 

 fulcrum great force'may be employed to keep the right knee 

 down in its proper place. If the horse, in violent action, 

 throwsyhimself suddenly to the left, the upper part of the 

 rider's body will tend downwards to the right, and the 

 lower limbs upwards to the left : nothing can counteract this 

 but the appui afforded by the leaping horn. This tendency to 

 overbalance to the right, causes so many ladies to guard them- 



