88 HINTS ON HORSEMANSHIP. 



figures, and, by heading him with the whip, change him 

 without stopping, and longe him in the figure of 8. No 

 man is fit to be trusted with such powerful implements as 

 the longe- cord and whip who cannot do this; for he must be 

 ignorant of the principles of urging, guiding, and stopping the 

 horse in the longe. When the colt goes without force, he 

 should be longed on the snaffle, instead of the cavecon ; it 

 will facilitate his being guided, and held by the mouth, 

 when first mounted. In the longe, he should be accustomed 

 to feel the stirrups against his sides, and to carry the cross 

 with a great-coat on it. /When the reins are buckled to it — 

 which should be long at first, and shortened by degrees — the 

 inward should be so much shorter than the outward rein as 

 would allow the rider, if the horse were mounted, to see his 

 inward nostril. 



As a practice of submission, placing him on the bit is good, 

 not to improve his mouth, it spoils that ; for colts left in this 

 way, tightly buckled up, bear heavily, and even go to sleep, 



