22 



External and 



Disease avd probable caust 



Z.EGS—{Contd.) 



SHOULDER SPRAIN, 

 from slip or fall, or severe 

 strain. 



STRAINS, from mechanical 

 injury or overstretching of 

 muscles or fibres of back, 

 shoulder, fetlock, &c. 



STRAIN of suspensory liga- 

 ments, v.hich run down each 

 side of the legs from hard 

 work, specially galloping. 



Note. — These ligaments are 

 not elastic like the back 

 sinews. 



STRAIN of the back sinews 

 or of the sheath covering 

 them. 



BREAK DOWN from severe 

 exertion causing a rup- 

 ture of some sinews. 



*STRINGHALT. from ner- 

 vous irritation, exposure 

 to cold and wet. 

 SPLINTS (fore-legs only), 

 from hard work when 

 younsf or a violent blow. 

 CALLOUS TENDONS and 

 CHRONIC STRAINS, 



from hard work or old 

 strains. 



Symptoms. 



Limb moved outwards with 

 circular motion, dragging 

 the toe. No pain or heat 

 in foot or lower part of leg. 



General symptoms are local 

 heat, swelling and pain on 

 pressure or movement of 

 the part affected. If in 

 strain of the back there is 

 palsy of the hind legs, the 

 case cannot be cured. 



Local swelling and tenderness, 

 leg usually is kept bent, 

 with toe only touching the 

 ground. The animal limy>s 

 if trotted. 



Samo as above, but the f- 1- 

 lock will probably be bent 

 forward more than it was 

 before. Trotting will appa- 

 rently lessen the lameness 

 temporarily. 



Partial or entire giving way 

 of the fetlock joint down- 

 wards, so that the back of it 

 nearly touches the ground. 

 The horse can only move 

 on the other three legs. 



Peculiar catching up of hind 

 leg. 



Bony excrescence on cannon- 

 bone below knee. 



Swelling or thickening of the 

 back sinews. 



In Ansiralia. sijccially about Gii'i>'s Land, the author was told that string- 



