SECTION 14.] 



FRUIT. 



119 



Stone Friiils, or Drupaceous, the outer part flesliy like a berry, the inner 

 hard or stouy, like a nut ; and 



Dri/ Fruits, those which have no flesh or pulp. 



350. In rcfereucc to the way of disseminating the contained seed, fruits 

 are said to be 



Indehiscent when they do not open at maturity. Pleshy fruits and stone 

 fruits are of course indeliiscent. The seed becomes free only through 

 decay or by beiug fed upon by animals. Those which escape digestion are 

 thus disseminated by the latter. Of dry fruits many are indehiscent; and 

 these are variously arranged to be transported by animals. Some burst 

 irregularly; many are 



heldscent, that is, they split open regularly along certain lines, and 

 discharge the seeds. A dehiscent fruit ahnost always contains many or 

 several seeds, or at least more than one seed. 



371 372 373 374 



351. The principal kinds of fruit which have received substantive names 

 and are of common use in descriptive botany are the following. Of fleshy 

 fruits the leading kind is 



352. The Berry, such as the gooseberry and currant, the blueberry 

 and cranberry (Fig. 371), the tomato, and the grape. Here the whole 

 flesh is soft throughout. The orange is a berry with a leathery rind. 



353. The Pepo, or Gourd-fruit, is a hard-rinded berry, belonging to 

 the Gourd family, such as the pumpkin, squash, cucumber, and melon. 

 Fig. 372, 373. 



354. The Pome is a name applied to the apple, pear (Fig. 374), and 

 quince; fleshy fruits, like a berry, but the principal thickness is calyx, only 



Fig. 371. Leafy shoot and beny (cut acrcss) of the larger Cranberry, Vacciaium 

 iDacrocarpon. 



Fig. 372. Pepo of Gnurrl. in .section. 373. One carpel of same in diagram. 

 Fig. 374. Longitudinal and transverse sections of a pear (pome). 



