232 THE (miGm akd fijkction of music. 



however, that this exception is apparent only ? Is it not 

 a rational inquiry — What are the indirect benefits which 

 accrue from music, in addition to the direct pleasure it 

 gives ? 



But that it would take us too far out of our track, we 

 should prelude this inquiry by illustrating at some length a 

 certain general law of progress ; — the law that alike in oc- 

 cupations, sciences, arts, the divisions that had a common 

 root, but by continual divergence have become distinct, 

 and are now being separately developed, are not truly in- 

 dependent, but severally act and react on each other to 

 their mutual advancement. Merely hinting thus much, 

 however, by way of showing that there are many analogies 

 to justify us, we go on to exj^ress the opinion that there 

 exists a relationship of this kind between music and 

 speech. 



All speech is compounded of two elements, the words 

 and the tones in which they are uttered — the signs of ideas 

 and the sis:ns of feeling^s. While certain articulations ex- 

 press the thought, certain vocal sounds express the more 

 or less of pain or pleasure which the thought gives. Using 

 the word cadence in an unusually extended sense, as com- 

 prehending all modifications of voice, we may say that 

 cadence is the commentary of the emotions upon the 2yropO' 

 sitions of the intellect. This duality of spoken language, 

 though not formally recognised, is recognised in practice 

 by every one ; and every one knows that very often more 

 weight attaches to the tones than to the words. Daily ex- 

 perience supplies cases in which the same sentence of dis- 

 approval will be understood as meaning little or meaning 

 much, according to the inflections of voice which accom- 

 pany it ; and daily experience supplies still more striking 

 cases in which words and tones are in direct contradiction 

 -^the first expressing consent, while the last express reluc. 

 tance ; and the last being believed rather than the first. 



