lii J\*otes to Introdiictory Leclure. 



>vas elected to the professorship of the theory of medicine 

 in that university, in 1656, but soon afterwards accepted of 

 a similar appointment at Pisa, which situation he resigned 

 at the end of three years, as the air of that place w as pre- 

 judicial to his health. In 1662, he succeeded Castelli in 

 the professorship of physic at Messina, where he remained 

 four years, and then returned again to Bologna. Here he 

 continued as a teacher of medicine in the highest repute, 

 from 1666 to 1691, when he was invited to Rome, and ap- 

 pointed chief physician to Pope Innocent XII. He died at 

 Rome of an apoplexy, in 169i. Malphigi's labours have 

 thrown great light upon the structure and physiology of the 

 human, brute, and vegetable creation ; as may be seen by 

 consulting his Jlnatome Plantariim, Epistolce Anatonricce, 

 Exercitationes •inutomicce, Dissertationes de Utero, de For- 

 matione imlli in ovo, de hombyce, &c. These tracts were col- 

 lected into two folio volumes, printed in London in 1686, un- 

 der the title of MtdpMgii opera Pliijsica el Medica. And in 

 1697 a third folio volume appeared, containing his Opera 

 Poslhuma. In his anatomical investigations he resorted to 

 what in those days were new methods ; viz. to maceration 

 of the parts, injection of the vessels with coloured liquors, 

 and the employment of magnifying glasses. By such means 

 he was very successful in developing the intricate structure 

 of some of the viscera in man and quadrupeds, as well as the 

 minute fabric of insects and vegetables. He appears to have 

 been the first who used the microscope for examining the 

 circulation of the blood. Trans. Royal Soc. Lond. JVeiv M, 

 col, 1, j}. 190. 



Francis Redi was born at Arezzo, in 1626 ; studied phy- 

 sic at Pisa ; was appointed physician to Ferdinand II, and 

 afterwards to Cosmo III, for w ith the family of the Medici, 

 literary and scientific merit led to preferment, and was sure 

 of receiving its due tribute and reward. After his death, in 

 1698, Cosmo caused a medal to be struck to perpetuate his 

 name. His letters (2 vols. Svo) contain a variely of medi- 



