302 Swivel headed Churn Staff. 



'* common, (churn) otherwise it is found to churn the 

 *' cream too soon, or, according to the technical term 

 " in his county, to swelt it," to be perfectly just. I 

 must therefore modify my remark, as to the rapidity 

 of separating the oil. 



I had intended to have added another set of vanes, 

 on the staff, some inches above those at the end of it. 

 But I think it best to continue its present form, as a 

 beginning. I shall also try one or two such, on a cen- 

 tral rod, inside the wings of a barrel churn. But I am 

 inclined to think, that too much agitation of the cream 

 is not desirable. In winter, this kind of churn can be 

 partially immersed in hot water, to accelerate the pro- 

 cess. A barrel churn may so be ; but not so conveni- 

 ently. My people, for small churnings, now, entirely 

 neglect the barrel churn. The size of the churn may 

 be increased, to any reasonable capacity.* 



Your obedient servant, 



Richard Peters. 

 Dr. James Mease. 



Secretary of the Philad, Agric. Soc. 



* See Appendix for account and cut of the churn. 



