2i8 APPENDIX 



junction with limers who started the game for them. 

 They were let slip as relays to a pack of running or 

 scenting hounds, and they were used by themselves for 

 coursing game in an open country, or were placed at the 

 passes where game was likely to run and were slipped to 

 turn the game back to the archer or to chase and pull 

 down the wounded deer {see Appendix : Stables). In our 

 illustrations we see them in the pictures of stag-, hare-, 

 roe- and boar-hunting, to say nothing of badger-hunting, 

 for which one would have thought any other dog more 

 suitable. 



They seem always to have been held in couples except 

 when following their master and he not bent upon the 

 chase. The collars to which these couplings were attached 

 were often wonderful gems of the goldsmith's and silver- 

 smith's art. Such an item appears in the Q. R. Ward- 

 robe Ace. for 1400 (Wylie, iv. p. 196): "2 collars for 

 greyhounds [kvercr) le tissue white and green with letters 

 and silver turrets." Another one of " soy chekerey vert 

 et noir avec le tret (? turret) letters and bells of silver 

 gilt." 



The ancient doggerel in the Book of St. Albans, 

 " Heded like a snake, and necked like a drake. Foted 

 like a cat. Tayled like a Rat, Syded lyke a Teme. 

 Chyned like a Beme " (" Boke of St. Albans," f. iv.), was 

 preceded by a very similar one written some time pre- 

 viously by Gace de la Buigne. Of these verses G. de 

 F. gives, twenty-eight years later, a prose version, which 

 our Master of Game has rendered into English. 



HARDEL, hardeyl, to tie couples of hounds together. 

 From the French word harder^ which has the same mean- 

 ing : Harder les chiens, and harde, the rope with which 

 they are tied. It is derived from hart, hard, art, a binder 

 of willow or other pliable wood used for fastening fagots 

 together (Lit. and God.). The primitive way of tying 

 hounds together was by passing such a small flexible 

 branch through the couplings which bent back on itself, 



