i^ 



The following statement shows the revenues from the provinces of 

 the Delhi Empire under Emperor Shdh JehAn, 1648-49 : — 



Provinces. 



1. Delhi 



2. Agra 



3. Lahore 



4. Ajmere ... 



5. Dau]atabad 



6. Berar 



7. Abmedabad 



8. Bengal 



9. Allahabad 



10. Behar 



11. Malwa 



12. Khandeisb 



13. Oudh 



14. Telingana 



15. Multan 



16. Orissa 



17. Tatta (8ind) 



18. Baglanah 



19. Kashmere 



20. Kabul 



21. Balkh 



22. Kandahar 



23. Badakhshan 



In India. 



Total for all India 



Total 



Land-tax. 



RS. 



25,000,000 



22,500,000 



22,500,000 



15,000,000 



13,750,000 



13,750,000 



13,250,000 



12,500,000 



10,000,000 



10,000,000 



10,000,000 



10,000,000 



7,500,000 



7,500,000 



7,000,000 



5,000,000 



2,000,000 



500,000 



207,750,000 



3,750,000 

 4,000,000 

 2,000,000 

 1,500,000 

 1,000,000 



220,000,000 



Aurangzeb. — All Northern India except Assam and the greater part 

 of Southern India paid revenue to Aurangzeb. His Indian Provinces 

 covered nearly as large an ai'ea as the British Empire at the present 

 day, although their dependence on the central Government was less 

 direct. From these provinces his net land revenue demand is returned 

 at 30 to 38 millions sterling, a sum which represented at least three 

 times the purchasing power of the land revenue of British India at the 

 present day. But it is doubtful whether the enormous demand of 38 

 millions was fully realized during any series of years, even at the height 

 of Aurangzeb's power, before he left Delhi for his long southern wars'. 

 It was estimated at only 30 millions in the last year of his reign, after 

 his absence of a quarter of a century in the Deccan. Fiscal oppressions 

 led to evasions and revolts, while some or other of the provinces were 

 always in open war against the Emperor. The table given below 

 exhibits the Moghul empire in its final development in 1697, just before 

 it began to break up. The standard return of Aurangzeb's land 

 revenue was net £34,505,890 ; and this remained the nominal demand 

 in the accounts of the central exchequer during the next half century, 

 notwithstanding that the Empire had fallen to pieces. When the 

 Afghan invader, Ahmad Shdh Durdni, entered Delhi in 1761, the 

 Treasury officers presented him with a statement showing the land 

 revenue of the Empire at £34,506,640. The highest land revenue of 

 Aurangzeb, after his annexations in Southern India and before his • 

 final reverses, was 38| millions sterling ; of which close on 38 millions 

 were from Indian Provinces. The total revenue of Aurangzeb was 



