clxxxiv 



(F.) — Statistics relating to the improvement or the reverse in the standard 

 of living of the different classes of the population, 



(a) — Comparative table showing the number of persons (males') engaged in the 

 several occupations in 1871 awe^ 1881 in the Madras Presidency [extracted 

 from the Report on the Census 0/ 1881). 



1. Persons engaged in the general and local government 



of the country ... 



2. Do. in defence of the country 



3. Do. in learned professions, literature, art 



and science, with their imme- 

 diate subordinates 



4. Do. in entertaining or performing per- 

 sonal offices to man 



5. Persons who buy, sell, keep or lend houses or goods 



of various kinds including' bankers, money-lenders 

 and money changers 



6. Persons engaged in the conveyance of men, animals, 



goods and messages 



7. Persons possessing or working the land or engaged in 



producing grain, fruit, grasses, animals or other 

 products ... 



8. Persons engaged about animals 



9. Do. in art and mechanical productions. 



10. Do. in working and dealing in the tex- 



tile fabrics and dress ... 



11. Do. in food and drinks 



12. Do. in animal substances 



13. Do. in vegetables ... 



14. Do. in minerals 



15. Laborers and others (branch of labor undefined) 



Note. — The classification of occupations in the Census of 1881 was 

 different from that adopted in 1871. In framing the above table, 

 attempt has been made to re-classify the population of 1871 on the 

 principles adopted in 1881. The rusults cannot, however, be fully 

 relied on. 



2. The very considerable increase in the number of persons engaged 

 in " Personal service," item 4, will be noted. In regard to this, the 

 Census report says : " Increased contact with western ways, the inci- 

 dents of railway travelling, competition in business, have all led to 

 the greater development of personal services as a group of industries. 

 The words ' hotel ' and ' club ' have grown into the native language 

 and the things they mean have come into existence within the last few 

 years. For the well-to-do traveller, the choultry of tradition has, with 

 its gratuitous shelter (and sometimes gratuitous entertainment), given 

 place in every town to the private hotel, where the traveller is enter- 

 tained for payment ; while the Brahmin traveller, who formerly crept 

 up the coast ten miles a day and cooked his rice at the chattram, now 

 readily embarks in a steamer and shares with his paid fellow-clerk {sic) 

 the services of a travelling cook of his own caste." The number of 

 persons engaged in " Personal service " is, however, still only 1 in 139 



