AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRIES. 



^5 



This comparison shows that the soils, corresponding to their 

 proportion of aqueous double-silicates, are rich in chemically com- 

 bined water and easily separated bases. Upon digestion with 

 muriatic acid, 38*9 per cent, of top-soil and 408 per cent, of under- 

 soil were converted into bases and acids in solution ; of the rice-soil 

 a little less, namely 33'6 per cent, of top-soil and 31-1 per cent, of 

 under-soil. The amount of separated components equals about 50 

 per cent, of the total mineral substance of the soil, a proportion so 

 high that it is generally observed only in lime and serpentine for- 

 mations. The soils are rich in clay and iron compounds, but 

 noticeably poor in lime and chemically combined carbonic-acid. 

 The differences between Hata and Ta, with respect to the com- 

 position of their soils, is not very considerable. 



By treating the soil with hot, concentrated muriatic acid, the 

 following substances were dissolved or separated : — 



It^ is seen from this that the separating effect of boiling hot 

 muriatic acid does not much exceed that of cold. 



The plain of the Kuwanto, to which the preceding analyses refer, 

 although now-a-days cultivated like a garden, was first brought 

 under cultivation in its present extent through the Tokugawa and 



^ Soluble in Na2 CO3 and taken up by H CI. 



