TEXTILE INDUSTRY. 395 



This illustration together with Plate X. shows great difference in 

 the leaves, concerning which a Japanese proverb says, that no two 

 are just alike. The transformation from the three or five-lobed 

 leaf-form of the younger shoots into the unsymmetrical one-sided 

 and lobed, and then into the undivided oval leaves of the older 

 plants, is but faintly delineated in this plate. 



The paper-mulberry tree was introduced into Europe as early as 

 the middle of the last century, and has found a moderately extensive 

 cultivation as an ornamental plant, especially in Mediterranean 

 countries. In the milder parts of Germany, e.g., on the Rhine and 

 Main, it has been long domesticated. It does not endure the cold 

 of a severe winter. A plantation which I made on a piece of good 

 fertile land near Marburg, throve excellently. The tallest shoots 

 by the second summer (1877) reached a height of 1*5 to i*6 meters, 

 and a circumference of 7 centimeters. Then came the severe 

 cold of the winter of 1879-80 and killed the bushes down to the 

 roots. Attempts at planting the paper mulberry on some railroad 

 embankments around Frankfort on the Main failed, because of the 

 poor quality and dryness of the soil. 



2. Edgeworthia papyrifer, S. and Z. {E. cJirysaiitha, Lindl), 

 family Thymelaeacese. The Japanese name for this plant (see Plate 

 XII.) Mitsu-mata, i.e. "the three forks," is very descriptive. It 

 has reference to the characteristic trichotomous articulation of the 

 branches, a division which is seen even in the tips of the stronger 

 one-year old seedlings, but is not fully developed till during the 

 second season. 



According to the rule of the Japanese peasant, the seeds should 

 be kept dry for a summer and winter, and planted at the beginning 

 of April, or ten days after Higan (the spring equinox). It is sown 

 in rows and the young trees are treated, like most other field 

 growths, with liquid manure. They reach a height of one-third 

 to a half meter by the end of summer, and are transplanted the 

 following spring, and cultivated from that time like the common 

 paper-mulberry bush. The bushes of the Mitsu-mata have more 

 branches however than the former, although the shoots never grow 

 more than two meters high, usually falling far behind this, and 

 are not so thick ; they differ from Kodzo bushes also at first 

 glance in the prettier light green colour of their laurel-shaped, 

 undivided leaves. 



The same is true of Edgeworthia as of the Lycoris belonging 

 to the family of Amaryllideae, of which the Japanese say, " Ha 

 mizu hana miru," i.e, "The flowers do not see the leaves." The 

 flowering season falls in March in Middle Hondo, but in the South 

 a month earlier. The seeds ripen during the beginning of May, 

 before the leaves have come fully forth. 



The cultivation and use of this Indian plant are much more 

 limited than those of the Broussonetia. If the soil is good and well 

 tilled, the year-old shoots can be used for bast and paper within 



