402 ART INDUSTRY AND RELATED OCCUPATIONS. 



of paper made from the Gampi represented in Plate XI 1 1., each 

 one 24 cm. long by 16-5 cm. broad, making 3*96 square meters, 

 weigh only 45 grammes. Its firmness, however, is very surprising 

 when its lightness and transparency are considered. It can be 

 crushed, folded, rolled in balls, and then straightened out again 

 without breaking or suffering in any way.^ 



Mitzu-mata {EdgewortJiia) paper has also a distinctly marked 

 yellow colour, but does not equal Gampi either in lustre, fineness, 

 or in strength. Still Gampi and Mitsu-mata paper have much 

 similarity, as is well shown in the microscopic examination of 

 the bark cells which they contain. Then it is seen that the greater 

 fineness and the silken lustre of these papers is produced by 

 the difference of their cells from those of other varieties. They 

 are scarcely half so broad as the Broussonetia cells, are much more 

 uniform, the walls are thinner, and therefore have a higher lustre. 

 It is possible on this account to recognise at once under the micro- 

 scope, papers that are made from a mixture of Broussonetia bark 

 pulp with that of Mitsu-mata or Gampi. The bark varieties of the 

 other Thymelseaceae, e.g. the Daphne and Edgeworthia, which are 

 used in Himalayan countries for making paper, are related like 

 the last two. The greater fineness of their cells and the less 

 durable quality of their paper corresponds to that made from the 

 inner bark of the paper mulberry and its kindred varieties. 



About 40 per cent, of all Japanese hand-made paper is said to 

 be manufactured in the two south-western provinces, Tosa and lyo, 

 in the island of Shikoku, and almost exclusively from the bast of 

 Kodzu bark. A considerable quantity of the latter, either raw or 

 prepared, is sent to other parts of the country, notably Osaka. 



The paper production of the province of Tosa for the year 1874 

 was given me as follows : — 



1. O-ban-shi . . 532,000 Soku of 1,000 sheets. 



2. Ko-ban-shi . . 2,989,000 „ „ „ „ 



3. Sugi-hara . . 2,900,000 „ „ „ 



4. Han-kire . . . 36,000 „ „ „ „ 



5. Kasu-gami . . 581,000 „ „ „ 



In all 7,026,000 Soku. 



In Middle Hondo, especially in the provinces Suruga, Koshiu, 

 Idzu, and Musashi, besides Kodzu bark, a good deal of Midzu-mata 

 is used, partly alone, and partly mixed with the former. In Mino, 

 besides the celebrated Mino-gami of Broussonetia bast, a fair 

 amount of Gampi-shi, or Gampi-paper, is made, although the 



' In the elegant work of L. Gonse : " L' Art japonais," each of the coloured 

 plates is covered with a sheet of Gampi, having all the advantages of silk 

 paper, but distinguished far above the latter by its great firmness. 



