Cecil Series. 83 



of the plateau. The surface of the plateau has been very much 

 cut by stream action, giving a very rolling and in places a hilly 

 character to the country. A peculiar characteristic of the soils is 

 that they are composed either of coarse sand or of heavy clay, 

 very few soils of intermediate texture being found. The lighter 

 soils are but poorly adapted to general farm crops, but on account 

 of their ease of cultivation and the light draft animals and general 

 conditions of labor are usually preferred to the clay soils. The 

 latter, especially the Cecil clay, are adapted to corn, wheat, and 

 grass, but are more difficult to cultivate, and during the hot sum- 

 mers, with indifferent cultivation, crops are often poor in quality 

 and low in yields. The Cecil clay when well cultivated, as it is 

 in New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Maryland, appears like a differ- 

 ent soil from the raw, gullied areas in many portions of the 

 Southern States. 



CECIL SERIES. 



Cecil stony loam. — Soil derived from the weathering of igneous 

 and metamorphic rocks and of intrusive dikes of fine-grained trap 

 (diabase). Soil is a red loam about 12 inches deep, mixed with 

 from 30 to 60 per cent of stones and bowlders. Subsoil is a heavy 

 red clay or clay loam, also containing rock fragments. This type 

 produces good general farm crops when cleared of stones. 



12 3 4 



Soil (4) 21 32 29 15 



Subsoil (4) 12 28 24 34 



Acres. 



Campobello, S. C 1, 805 



Lancaster County, Pa "4, 900 



Lebanon, Pa 22, 500 



Cecil sand. ^ — Coarse sand, rather loamy in character, about 6 

 inches deep, underlain with material of the same kind but of lighter 

 color, and this in turn underlain at from 18 to 22 inches with a 

 5'ellow sandy clay. Residual soil derived from granite, gneiss, 

 and mica schist. Usually from 10 to 30 per cent of quartz and 



f< Part mapped as Hempfield stony loam and part as Manor stony loam, 

 neither of which names will again be used. 

 '> Mapped as Durham sandy loam, which name will not be used hereafter. 



