116 Glacial and Loessial Soils. 



per acre. On low-lying areas considerable hay is made from wild 

 grasses. 



12 3 4 



Soil (5) 12 43 32 11 



Subsoil (5) 17 44 28 12 



Acres. 



Grand Island, Nebr 60, 352 



Jamestown, N. Dak 5, 632 



Sioux clay. — A black, dark-brown, or sometimes yellowisl.- 

 brown clay loam or clay about 18 inches deep, underlain by a 

 grayish-brown or grayish-yellow clay of stiff, tenacious, waxy 

 texture. Occupies river bottoms, and is partly alluvial and partly 

 a wash from the uplands, the latter areas having the character- 

 istics of the gumbo found in the Red River Valley. An excellent 

 soil for small grain, wheat sometimes yielding as much as 40 

 bushels per acre. Oats and flax also do remarkably well. The 

 lighter areas are suitable for certain of the truck crops. About half 

 the area of this soil now under cultivation. Native vegetation 

 oak, elm, ash, and other forest trees. 



12 3 4 



Soil (2) 1 12 46 42 



Subsoil (1) 3 14 31 52 



Acres. 

 Jamestown, N. Dak 2, 432 



DUNKIKK SERIES. 



An important group of soils recognized as the Dunkirk series 

 has been found in well-defined terraces along some of the Great 

 Lakes. These soils are composed of glacial material, reworked 

 and redeposited when the lake waters reached a higher level than 

 at present. 



Dunkirk gravel. — Very gravelly soil of old lake beaches, occur- 

 ring in narrow bands between the lake and uplands. Waterworn 

 fragments of shale, 6 feet or more deep. At present used exten- 

 sively for grape culture, but grapes do not keep so well or bear 

 shipment so well as those grown on Dunkirk clay. Soil is quite 

 droughty and not well suited to other crops. 



1 



Soil (4) 54 



Subsoil (2) 77 



