124 Glacial and Loessial Soils. 



Madison loam. — Loose, friable brown or yellow loam or fine 

 sandy loam, from 8 to 14 inches deep, resting upon a heavy loam 

 or clay, usually becoming heavier below 24 inches. Throughout 

 the soil and subsoil there are a few Avell-rounded gravel. The sub- 

 soil is somewhat variable, occasionally consisting of alternating 

 layers of sand and clay, with an occasional layer of cherty gravel. 

 Occurs as second bottoms, generally level. An alluvial soil, 

 derived from wash of valley slopes. Frequently the drainage is 

 poor. Is a good soil for corn and hay and for truck crops, espe- 

 cially for cabbage, tomatoes, and berries. 



12 3 4 



Soil (2) 8 25 40 27 



Subsoil (2) 8 29 40 25 



Acres. 

 Madison County, Ind 2, 240 



Bernardston loam. — Light clay or silty loam of dark color, 10 

 inches in depth, underlain by about 14 inches of a dark to yellow- 

 ish loam grading into a dark slaty blue clay loam of very compact 

 nature. This soil seems to be derived from the same class of 

 material as the Hobart clay, but it is a soil of very much lighter 

 texture. It occurs in very broken 'and hilly areas, and outcrops 

 of the underlying argillaceous rocks are very common. Cultivated 

 soils occur very largely in drumlinoid hills. Native vegetation is 

 made up largely of hard woods, particularly sugar maple, but in 

 the most stony areas, where the soil is shallow, chestnut, pine, 

 and hemlock are common. It is a glacial soil, made up of argilla- 

 ceous rock material. It is very fertile, being particularly fine for 

 grass and grazing land. Also produces excellent crops of corn, 

 oats, and rye. 



12 3 4 



Soil (2) 18 34 34 14 



Subsoil (2) U; 33 36 15 



Acres. 

 Connecticut Valley, Connecticut 

 and Massachusetts l(),or>4 



Memphis silt loam. — Fine yellow or brt)wn silt loam, to 8 inches, 

 powdery when dry; chocolate-l)rown loam 8 to 40 inches, under- 

 lain at from 2 to 6 feet by yellow silt of loess formation. Occupies 

 uplands. Suljject to serious erosi(^n. Only about 20 per cent of 

 total area cultivated. Largely forested to oak, hickory, and beech. 



