460 SOLID MATTER IN THE URINE OF DIFFERENT ANIMALS. 



Beans. 



rroduce per acre. 

 Top-dressed with bush. Localily. 



Guano 2 cwt. 33.n 



Rape-dust 16 cwt. 35 (Lennox Love, near 



Nitrate of soda. . 1 cwt. 33 ( Haddington. 



Undressed 29| J 



Hay. 



tons. cwt. 



1°. Guano li cwt. 1 18 J 



Nitrate of Soda. . li cwt. 2 10 > Barochan, near Paisley. 



Undressed 1 S) 



2°. Guano U cwt. 2 2 J 



Nitrateof Soda. . Ij cwt. 1 17 >Erskine, Renfrewshire. 



Undressed 1 10 ) 



An inspection of the above results appears to indicate that guano 

 is more uniformly successful with root crops, than when appHed as a 

 top-dressing to corn and grass. The unusual drought which pre- 

 vailed in 1842 no doubt materially diminished its action, when used 

 as a top-dressing — and the results upon the corn crops in a more moist 

 season may probably prove more generally favorable to its use as an 

 economical manure. 



Some experiments seem already to indicate that the favorable in- 

 fluence of guano does not cease with the first season. If the phos- 

 phate of lime which they contain operates in any way in prolonging 

 the fertihzing operation of bones, the large, though variable, quanti- 

 ty of this phosphate contained in guano should render this latter 

 substance also capable of permanently improving the soil. 



By exposure to the air, guano gradually gives off a portion of its 

 volatile constituents ; it ought, therefore, to be kept in covered ves- 

 sels or casks. It also in our climate absorbs moisture from the air, 

 and therefore should be purchased as soon as possible after importa- 

 tion. When applied as a top-dressing it may be conveniently mixed 

 with an equal weight of gypsum or wood ashes — with charcoal pow- 

 der, or with fine dry soil. 



§ 10, Of liquid animal manures — the urine of Tnan, of the cow, 

 the horse, the sheep, and the pig. 



The following table exhibits the average proportions of water, and 

 of the solid organic and inorganic matters contained in the urine of 

 man and some other animals in their healthy state — and the average 

 quantity voided by each in a day ; — 



Water. Solid matter in lOOt) parts. Average quan- 



Urine in , -^ . » tity voided in 



of a 1000 parts. Organic. Inorcanic. Total. 24 hours. 



Man 969* 23-4 7-6 31 3 'bs. 



Horse... 940 27 33 60 3 '■' 



Cow . . - -930 50 20 70 40t 



Pig 926 56 18 74 ? 



6heep...960 28 12 40 ? 



• Alfred Becquerel. See Thomson's Animal Chemistry, p. 477. It is to be observed that 

 the proportions of water and of solid matter in urine vary with the food, and with a great 

 variety of circumstances. 



t A milk cow voids leBS than this in a proportion which varies with the quantity of milk 



