514 OIL IN DIFFERENT SAMPLES OF WHEAT. 



• 



girth, upon the same field, but dressed with different manures, [Appen- 

 dix, pp. 55 and 71,] and the proportions of oil which they yielded in 

 the state in which they came from the mill, were as follows : — 



Per cent 



1°. From the undressed soil ]-4 



2°. Dressed with guano and wood-ash 1*9 



3°. With artificial guano and wood-ash 2*2 



4°. Sulphated urine and wood-ash 2*2 



5°. Do. do. and sulphate of soda 2-0 



6°. Do. do. and common salt 2*7 



7°. Do. do. and nitrate of soda 2'3 



The two facts — that the quantity of oil in nearly all the above sam- 

 ples is so much greater than was found by Hermbstadt in any of his 

 specimens, and that the proportion varied with the kind of manure with 

 which the wheat had been dressed — these two facts, I think, show that 

 the analyses of Hermbstadt have not been made with such a degree of 

 accuracy as to justify us in relying with confidence upon the general de- 

 ductions to which they seem to lead. 



3°. Relative effects of these manures upon different crops. — If we com- 

 pare together the relative proportions of gluten and albumen contained in 

 the several samples of wheat, barley, oats, and rye, examined by 

 Hermbstadt, and exhibited in his tab'es, we shall find that the effects of 

 his manures were by no means unifo-m upon the several crops. Thus, 

 when manured with — 



The gluten and albumen per cent, 

 taken together were in the 

 Kind of Manure. Wheat. Barley. Oats. Rye. 



Ox blood . . " ^ ' ' 



Night soil . 

 Sheep's dung 

 Human urine 

 Horse dung 

 Pigeon's dung . 

 Cow dung . 

 Nothing 



Upon the numbers in this table I offer you the following remarks :— 

 a. Upon the wheat, the effect of the horse and pigeon's dung, in in- 

 creasing the amount of gluten and albumen, was little more than one- 

 fifth of that produced by the sheep's dung. Thus the wheat contained 

 of gluten and albumen, — 



Per cent. Increase of gluten. 



Undressed 9*9 — 



With sheep's dung . . . 34*1 24-2 per cent. 



With horse dung .... 14-7 4-8 



With pigeon's dung . . . 13-1 3-2 



But we have seen (p. 470) that in so far as the nitrogen is concerned^ 

 dry horse and sheep^s dung ought to produce equal effects, while pigeon's 

 dung should have three times the effect of either.* Whatever be the 

 cause of the increased proportion of gluten in the experimental wheats 

 of Hermbstadt, it cannot, therefore, have been owing solely to the pro- 

 portion of nitrogen in the manures he applied. 



• 22 of dry pigeon's dung are equal to 65 of sheep's, or 64 of horse's dung. 



