30 



which, at best, has not more than kept the disease from 

 spreading. 



The part of the expense to })o borne by the owners of the 

 carabaos and cattle is approximately one-third of the value of 

 the animals they lose each year from the disease. 



By immunizing all susceptible animals in these provinces, 

 rinderpest will be completely stamped out in this region and 

 all losses from the disease, excepting among the newly born 

 and the animals introduced, would be prevented. It is estimated 

 that an annual charge of from 1*50,000 to 1*75,000 would be 

 sufficient to immunize all young' stock and all animals imported 

 into the provinces. On this basis a saving of more than 

 1*700,000 a year would be effected, once all the animals in these 

 provinces were immunized, and all danger of a recurrence of 

 such an outbreak as occurred in 1902 would be removed. 



With these principal centers of infection cleaned up it would 

 be comparatively easy to remove the infection in other districts 

 by the same process. Obviously, until all infection has been 

 fully stamped out in the Islands, vigilance against the disease 

 should not be relaxed by the Government or by the people. 



THE SUGAR WASTE 



The glaring defect in the sugar industry in the Philippine 

 Islands is in the method of extracting the sugar from the cane. 

 The sugar producers of the Islands cannot hope to compete 

 successfully with those of Cuba, Java, Porto Rico, and Hawaii, 

 w^hile permitting 35 per cent of the sugar contained in their cane 

 to be lost in the process of milling. 



The Bureau of Agriculture has introduced and developed a 

 number of strains of cane that promise to be more productive 

 than those commonly grown, but the stalks are so large that they 

 cannot be successfully milled with the present facilities. Other 

 means of increasing the cane tonnage, such as deeper and more 

 thorough plowing, crop rotation, the use of fertilizers, and, in 

 some localities, irrigation are available, but these means are of 

 secondary importance compared with correcting the defects in 

 milling. 



Apparently there is not sufficient capital among the planters 

 to erect the required number of up-to-date sugar centrals, there- 

 fore a part of the capital for this purpose must be secured from 

 outside sources. No one questions the necessity for better sugar 

 mills, but there is a great lack of agreement regarding the best 

 method of securing them.. 



It has been suggested by many that the Government declare 



