36 



ease, will not remedy the (lifliculty, V^ecause the deficiencies of 

 corn are the same as the deficiencies of rice. This statement 

 must not be construed as in any sense a disapproval of the very 

 successful efforts of the Bureaus of Education and Agriculture 

 to increase corn production, and to increase the use of com 

 as a human food. These efforts should be continued, but as a 

 means of providing a greater quantity of basic food rather than 

 as a means of supplying the deficiencies of rice. 



Some gain will be made, as has been shown by the results 

 of the investigations of the Bureau of Health, by encouraging 

 people to eat unpolished instead of polished rice. But it should 

 be remembered that the desire to eat polished rice, like the 

 desire to eat white bread, reaches very deep into the prejudices 

 of the human race. White bread and polished rice are every- 

 where the marks of respectability. Black bread and unpolished 

 rice have at all times been considered evidences of poverty. Of 

 course, every reasonable effort should be made to encourage the 

 general use of unpolished rice, but unpolished rice will furnish 

 only a small part of the additional nutrients needed and it 

 may be easier to supply all the protein and minerals required 

 in other foods than to try to save the small part that is lost 

 in the polishing process. 



While it is true, as is pointed out in another part of this 

 report, that the capacity of the Philippine Islands to produce 

 beef, pork, and poultry is nowhere nearly utilized at present, 

 yet these animal products will always be so dear that they will 

 be beyond the reach of all except the well-to-do. For the 

 masses in the Philippines as in all other tropical countries and 

 in all densely populated countries of the Temperate Zone, fish, 

 beans, and peas must be relied upon to supply the deficiencies 

 of rice and white bread. 



In the United States, where more meat is produced than in 

 any other country in the world, fish is already a cheaper source 

 of protein than is beef, pork, or poultry. That country with 

 a rapidly declining live-stock industry is beginning to look to 

 the development of its fisheries and to the production of peas 

 and beans as a means of supplementing wheat and corn as 

 food. 



Germany has done much in recent years to stimulate the pro- 

 duction and use of fish as food, by paying bounties as high as 

 ^4,000 toward the building and equipping of deep-sea fishing 

 vessels and by exempting all fishing vessels, regardless of their 

 nationality, from tonnage dues in all German ports. Specially 

 low rates of transportation are allowed on the German railroads 



