12 



The system of fixing by statute the salary for each position 

 is neither economical nor efficient. A number of years ago, 

 this system of conducting the business of the Government 

 bureaus was common in the United States. In some States the 

 legislatures went so far as to fix by statute the salaries of the 

 officers and teachers of the universities and agricultural col- 

 leges. At present every State with which I am acquainted 

 makes its appropriations to its institutions and bureaus in bulk, 

 giving such directions as it deems wise regarding the ways in 

 which the money appropriated shall be expended. 



It will greatly improve the service and effect a decided econ- 

 omy if in the Bureaus of Agriculture and Education the ap- 

 propriations are made in one or more lump sums and if the 

 Secretary of Public Instruction and the chief of the Bureau in 

 each case are empowered to fix the scale of salaries and to make 

 all promotions in rank on merit. 



AGRICULTURAL INSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT 



There are six governmental agencies in the Philippines giv- 

 ing instruction in agriculture or engaged in agricultural de- 

 velopment : 



1. "The Bureau of Agriculture. 



2. The Bureau of Education. 



3. The College of Agriculture. 



4. The Bureau of Forestry. 



5. The Bureau of Science. 



6. The College of Veterinary Medicine. 



The Bureau of Agriculture creates agricultural knowledge 

 through its experimental work and its field studies. It dis- 

 seminates this knowledge through published reports and bul- 

 letins, through field demonstrations, and by personal contact 

 with farmers. Also, the Bureau is trying to improve the agri- 

 culture of the Islands by introducing, propagating, and dissem- 

 inating new plants and animals. So far the Bureau of Agri- 

 culture has dealt only with the adult. 



The Bureau of Education teaches agriculture in its schools, 

 through its gardens and farms, through corn-growing cam- 

 paigns, and by means of published circulars and bulletins. The 

 Bureau of Education also propagates and disseminates improved 

 plants and animals, conducts farm demonstrations, and coop- 

 erates with farmers in making tests of new methods and new 

 crops. At the Cavite Farm School, for example, the Bureau 

 of Education is covering practically all fields of activity of the 



