82 Negro Migration 



that it can succeed is, however, indicated by the success 

 of plantations. These, in many respects are co-operative 

 units. This is especially evident in the co-operative use of 

 the farm animals and implements on the plantation. 



One consideration which will militate greatly against the 

 co-operative purchase and use of animals is that the farmer, 

 being isolated, wishes to use the work animal at odd times 

 for riding or driving. In fact this control of the work 

 animals from a central barn and the denial of their use for 

 riding or driving to laborers or share tenants is one of the 

 most irksome features of the plantation system to the Negro. 



On the basis of income, yield obtained, and expense of 

 land implements and animals used the case may be stated 

 as follows : The share tenant, using the more valuable land 

 and animals, and with the facility of making more efficient 

 use of land animals and implements by reason of organiza- 

 tion and supervision by the landlord, gets slightly better 

 results per acre than the other classes, but his results per 

 acre are not greatly different from those obtained by the 

 owner class. The interest of the owner in the land he has 

 paid for, ana 1 in the crop of which he reaps the full benefit, 

 practically offsets the superiority of the land and super- 

 vision of the share tenant. The cash tenant, occupying an 

 intermediate position between the owner and share tenant 

 with respect to value of land, implements and animals used, 

 nevertheless falls below both the other classes in yield per 

 acre. The incomes of share tenants are, therefore, less than 

 those of owners and renters not so much through individual 

 inefficiency in production, as through the differences in 

 division of the product. 



DEPRECIATION AND WASTE. 



Purely from the stand point of the landlord , wear and tear 

 on the land is the most freq uent objection to Ne groes escap- 

 ing from the supervision of the share tenant system. One 

 of the most effective safeguards against this depreciation of 



