128 Negro Migration 



and Newnan, though located in counties slightly over 50 

 per cent Negro, have a Negro population of from 35 to SO 

 per cent of their total population. In these towns manu- 

 facturing and educational enterprises have tended to change 

 the proportion of white people in the population. The towns 

 of the Piedmont and Wiregrass sections, — Carrollton, Car- 

 tersville, Cedertown, Dublin, Douglas, East Point, Elberton, 

 Fitzgerald, Gainesville, Marietta, Monroe, Quitman, States- 

 boro, Summerville, and Toccoa, all have marked white 

 majorities. With the exception of Savannah and Brunswick 

 the larger towns, with relatively more opportunity for white 

 men, have white majorities. 



In other words, just at the point where manufacturing 

 and mercantile enterprise comes in and gives the town other 

 activities than those of serving the surrounding rural areas, 

 the white element in the population begins to increase much 

 more rapidly than the colored element and the relative num- 

 ber of Negroes to whites does not reflect so nearly the 

 proportions in the surrounding rural areas. The reasons 

 for this condition can be best illustrated by the following 

 table of the occupations of the Negroes of Athens, from the 

 study cited above (page 39) : 



Distribution of Negroes Gainfully Employed 



Per Cent 



Occupation Groups Number of Total 



Professions and Business 108 5. 



Clerical Work 18 1. 



Skilled Trades 181 8. 



Domestic Service (including Laundress) 1,102 51. 



Unskilled Labor 764 35. 



2,173 100. 



Athens had a white population of 8,597 and a colored 

 population of 6,316, because the State University and a 

 number of wholesale firms and factories attract a white popu- 

 lation. Albany, on the other hand, had a white population 

 of 3,378 and a Negro population of 4,812 because the pro- 

 portionate need for domestic servants and common laborers 



