The Results of Migration 161 



in the latter case it would seem best for him to organize in 

 separate locals, affiliated with the white organization. 



A measureable degree of success has already been attained 

 by following their own leaders. An example of this is 

 furnished by the Dining Car Cooks and Waiters' Associa- 

 tion, in whose organization the National Negro Urban 

 LTeague was influential. This association was^ at first, 

 purely a Negro organization, but later it was affiliated with 

 the white railway workers. Their policy has been to co- 

 operate wherever possible with both labor organizations and 

 the management. Their success in the former is indicated 

 by their final affiliation with the white workers, in the 

 latter by the fact that several of the railroads broke all 

 precedents in 1^20 by allowing the members time off to 

 attend the annual convention. 



Realizing the weakness of their past appeals to Negro 

 labor, the 1920 meeting of the American Federation has 

 fought for the abrogation of clauses restricting the member- 

 ship to certain of their branches to white labor only. But 

 removing this prescription in charters against Negro mem- 

 bers and overcoming the prejudice oTthe membership to 

 such an extent that colored men are actually admitted to the 

 locals are, however, two entirely different matters. The 

 Federation now proposes to take the "first step towards meet- 

 ing this situation squarely by employing Negro organizers. 

 It has passed resolutions to the effect that the number now 

 used should be increased. If this is actually done and the 

 men are wisely chosen they cannot only give local leaders 

 valuable advice as to the proper policies for organizations 

 to adopt, but can also cultivate that knowledge and sym- 

 pathy against which prejudice cannot stand. 



Above all, in determining policies of leadership the col- 

 ored laborer and the white union need to remember that 

 the keynote must be cooperation — a philosophy of which the 

 Principal of Tuskegee, R. R. Moton, is the strongest advo- 



